Obstetric Fistula ; Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention скачать в хорошем качестве

Obstetric Fistula ; Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

Obstetric fistula is a severe and debilitating injury that occurs during childbirth, typically in settings with limited access to quality healthcare. It is characterized by a hole or tear in the birth canal, usually between the vagina and rectum or bladder, causing uncontrollable leakage of urine or feces. Causes: 1. Prolonged or obstructed labor 2. Inadequate medical care during delivery 3. Young age of the mother (below 18) 4. Small pelvis or abnormal pelvis shape 5. Multiple pregnancies or large baby Symptoms: 1. Incontinence (urine or stool leakage) 2. Painful intercourse 3. Vaginal discharge or infection 4. Foul odor 5. Social isolation and stigma Types: 1. Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF): bladder and vagina 2. Rectovaginal fistula (RVF): rectum and vagina 3. Urethrovaginal fistula (UVF): urethra and vagina Treatment: 1. Surgery (fistula repair) 2. Antibiotics for infections 3. Catheterization (temporary) 4. Bowel management (diet, medication) 5. Rehabilitation and counseling Prevention: 1. Access to quality healthcare 2. Skilled attendance at birth 3. Timely intervention in prolonged labor 4. Avoiding early marriage and pregnancy 5. Promoting women's health and education Obstetric fistula is a preventable condition that affects millions of women worldwide, causing physical, emotional, and social suffering. Efforts to improve maternal healthcare and address gender inequality can help prevent this devastating condition. #ObstetricFistula