Türkistan, Kazakhstan, IN ONE DAY, 22 September 2023 I + Ancient Otrar & Arystan Bab! скачать в хорошем качестве

Türkistan, Kazakhstan, IN ONE DAY, 22 September 2023 I + Ancient Otrar & Arystan Bab!

Turkistan, one of Kazakhstan's historic cities, has an archaeological record dating back to the 4th century. Watch my other Kazakhstan videos:    • Kazakhstan I Kazajstán 🇰🇿   The city emerged as a commercial hub following the decline of Otrar, an ancient city with remnants located southeast near the Syr Darya. For a significant portion of the medieval to early-modern era, it was referred to as Iasy or Shavgar. By the 16th-17th centuries, it was named Turkistan or Hazrat. Both names originate from 'Hazrat-i Turkistan', translating to "the Saint of Turkistan". This title honors Khoja Akhmet Yasawi, an 11th-century Sufi Sheikh from Turkistan, who lived and rests in the town. Owing to his impact and in honor of his legacy, the city evolved into a significant hub for spiritual growth and Islamic education for the inhabitants of the Kazakh steppes. In the 1390s, Timur, the Turco-Mongol leader and the originator of the Timurid dynasty, constructed an impressive domed mazar or mausoleum over Yasawi's resting place. In this large and partly unfinished mausoleum, Persian master builders experimented with architectural and structural solutions. This structure stands as one of the most notable architectural landmarks in Kazakhstan. Until 2006, its image was featured on the reverse side of the country's banknotes. Today, it is one of the largest and best-preserved constructions of the Timurid period. The city also boasts other significant historical landmarks such as a medieval bath-house and four mausoleums. One of these is dedicated to Rabiya Sultan Begim, Timur's great-granddaughter, while the other three pay tribute to Kazakh khans (rulers). Prior to the 19th-century Russian arrival, Turkistan was positioned at the boundary between the established Perso-Islamic oasis civilization of Transoxiana to its south and the vast expanse of the Kazakh steppes to its north. Otrar or Utrar, also called Farab, is a Central Asian ghost town that was a city located along the Silk Road in Kazakhstan. Otrar was an important town in the history of Central Asia, situated on the borders of settled and agricultural civilizations. It was the center of a great oasis and political district, commanding a key point connecting Kazakhstan with China, Europe, Near and Middle East, Siberia and Ural. Otrar has a history dating back to the time of the Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) when it was known as Parab or Farab, a common Persian toponym meaning “lands irrigated by diversion of river water”. By the 13th century, Farab on the Jaxartes was known as Otrar. The prosperity of Otrar was interrupted by the Mongol invasion of Central Asia. Genghis Khan besieged Otrar for five months in 1219, eventually breaching its walls and massacring the inhabitants. By the middle of the 13th century Otrar had returned as a large trade center on the way from the West to the East. During the second half of the 14th century Southern Kazakhstan was brought into the sphere of Timur's power. In February 1405, when Timur was visiting Otrar to gather his troops, he caught a cold and died in one of the Otrar palaces. The oldest parts of Otrar are dated from the 1st century AD and the earliest monuments are dated from the 12th to 15th centuries. Otrar was a typical fortress for Central Asia. The Ark (central fortress) and Shahristan (fortified city) formed a five-corner hill about 18 meters of height. Excavations proved that it was an advanced town with monumental buildings. The town was densely populated with hot water supply systems. Dishes excavated near two furnaces help prove that Otrar was the center of ceramic production in Central Asia. A legend states that Emir Timur ordered the construction of a mosque on the site of Ahmet Yesevi's grave but all attempts were unsuccessful. Timur was then told in a dream that in order to have success, he should first build a mausoleum over the grave of religious mystic, Arystan Baba. The Arysta Bab mausoleum dates back to the 14th century and is constructed over Arystan Bab's 12th-century grave, but was reconstructed several times up to the 18th century. Türkistan information: https://kultobe.com/en/epoxien/mediev... https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1103/ http://www.natcom.unesco.kz/turkestan... Music: Jean Dar - Sonic Landscape Album: Milena 37,2° C https://www.jeandar.com