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Svetitshoveli Cathedral Georgia

Svetitshoveli Cathedral ( Georgian : სვეტიცხოვლის საკათედრო ტაძარი) is a Georgian Orthodox cathedral located in the historic town of Mtskheta , northwest of Tbilisi , the capital of Georgia . A monument of the Early Middle Ages , Svetitshoveli is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is currently the second-largest church building in the world after the Trinity Cathedral in Tbilisi . Known as the burial site of Christ 's cloak, Svetitshoveli has long been one of the principal Georgian Orthodox churches and among the most venerated places of worship in the region. While the current structure was completed in 1029 by the medieval Georgian architect Arsukisdze , the site itself dates back to the early fourth century. The design of the cathedral The architecture of today's Svetitshoveli Cathedral, dating back to around 1020, is constructed in the cross-dome style, which gained prominence in the early Middle Ages after the unification of Georgia under Bagrat III. This style is characterized by the placement of domes on all four sides of the church. The church's structure was designed to provide good acoustics. Svetitshoveli's dome has been rebuilt several times over the centuries to maintain the church's good condition. The foundation stone used for the cathedral is sandy yellow, with red stone used around the nave. The green stone used for the dome cylinder dates from the 17th century. A large window occupies most of the upper western side of the church. The decoration depicts Christ seated, with two angels on either side. The original sculpture on the wall was not preserved but was restored several times in the 19th century. Frescoes and icons The interior walls of the cathedral are adorned with various frescoes, many of which survived to our time damaged. In 1830, when Tsar Nicholas I planned a trip to Mtskheta , all the frescoes were whitewashed and limed, but the Tsar's trip did not take place. After careful restoration in the modern era, some of the frescoes, including depictions of the Apocalypse monster and the signs of the Zodiac, have been restored. Currently, the cathedral's walls are adorned with numerous Christian Orthodox icons, although many are not originals; the originals are kept in Georgian museums. As with most Georgian churches, this cathedral's decoration makes extensive use of grape-shaped stone carvings, emphasizing the country's ancient wine-making traditions. The large figure of Jesus on the altar was painted by a Russian artist in the 19th century. Many of the icons in the church date from the 20th century. Many of them are copies of older icons and frescoes preserved in other Georgian churches. On the eastern facade of the church are two ox-head reliefs from a 5th-century church. These stone carvings demonstrate the influence of folklore on Christian iconography in the early Christian era.