🎥Early Rectal Cancer (Tis–T1): Treatment Strategy, Method Selection, and Prognosis скачать в хорошем качестве

🎥Early Rectal Cancer (Tis–T1): Treatment Strategy, Method Selection, and Prognosis

What’s the optimal treatment for early-stage rectal cancer, classified as Tis or T1? 📌 Tis — carcinoma in situ, confined to the mucosa. 📌 T1 — invasion into the submucosa, but not yet involving the muscularis propria. At these stages, the risk of lymph node metastasis is very low, which allows for organ-preserving approaches in selected cases. ⸻ 🔬 Treatment of Tis The preferred method is endoscopic resection (EMR or ESD). If margins are clear and the lesion is fully excised — treatment is considered curative. 📈 5-year survival exceeds 95%. ⸻ 🔬 Treatment of T1 Management depends on key histological risk factors: — depth of submucosal invasion, — tumor differentiation grade, — lymphovascular invasion. 🛠 If the tumor is less than 3 cm, well-differentiated, and free of high-risk features: Transanal endoscopic surgery (TES/TEO) is a valid, organ-sparing option. ⚠️ If any high-risk features are present — a radical resection with total mesorectal excision (TME) is recommended. This reduces the risk of local recurrence and nodal metastasis. ⸻ 🤔 Which is better: Endoscopy or TEO? — For Tis, endoscopic resection is usually sufficient. — For T1, TEO is preferred if there’s any doubt regarding depth or histology. — In all cases, decisions should be made by a multidisciplinary tumor board. ⸻ 🎯 Conclusion: Early rectal cancer is often curable with minimally invasive strategies — but patient selection and risk stratification are crucial. 📹 Watch the full video for a detailed breakdown of treatment options. Don’t forget to like, share, and subscribe for more colorectal surgery updates.