ЧН 2: Зрительный нерв (Схема, Путь, Поражения) | Нейроанатомия скачать в хорошем качестве

ЧН 2: Зрительный нерв (Схема, Путь, Поражения) | Нейроанатомия

Content: 0:00 Introduction 01:02 Optic Nerve Scheme 03:18 Eye Anatomy 04:47 Retina 07:48 Visual Field 09:47 Course of the Visual Pathway 16:33 Visual Pathway Collaterals 18:36 Clinical Relevance 21:21 Recap ------------------------------- 🫀 Join:    / @taimtalksmed   📷 Follow my IG:   / taimtalksmed   💝 Donation link: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/taimtalk... ------------------------------- Visual Pathway Scheme / Overview: Visual Stimuli - 1st 2nd and 3rd order neurons in retina - Optic Nerve - Half fibers cross the optic chiasma - Optic Tract - Lateral Geniculate Body - Primary Visual Cortex Eye Anatomy: Cornea Anterior Chamber Pupil Iris Lens Posterior Chamber Ciliary Muscles Sclera Choroid Retina Optic Disc Vitreous Humor Hyaloid Canal Retina: 1st order neurons: Rods and Cones 2nd order neurons: Bipolar cells 3rd order neurons: Ganglion cells Olfactory Neuron: Dendrites detect smell through a g-protein couples membrane receptor. Signals pass through the cell body and axon Axons form nerve bundles (fila olfactoria) Visual Fields: Fovea: Highest acuity of vision Retina is split into temporal half and the retinal half Medial fibers go to contralateral side Lateral fibers go to ipsilateral side Course of the Visual Pathway: 1st neuron: Rods and Cones 2nd neurons: Bipolar cells 3rd neurons: Ganglion cells Optic Nerve (nervus opticus) Optic Chiasma (chiasma opticum) Optic Tract (tractus opticus) 4th order neuron lateral geniculate bodies Optic Radiations (radiato optica) and Meyer's Loop Primary Visual Cortex (area 17) Visual Pathway Collaterals: Accomodation reflecx Direct and consensual light reflex Saccadic eye movement Tectospinal tract (for reflectory movements according to unexpected visual irritation) Medial Longitudinal fasciculus Clinical Relevance: Lesion in optic nerve: complete blindness of affected side Lesion in optic chiasma: Visual field Bitemporal hemianopia Lesion in optic tract and geniculate body: Homonymous hemianopia Lesion in Optic Radiation: Quadrantanopia Lesion in the visual cortex causes cortical blindness: Homonymous hemianopias with or without macular involvement Sources: Singh, I. (2017). Human neuroanatomy (10th ed.). Helwany M, Bordoni B. Neuroanatomy, Cranial Nerve 1 (Olfactory) [Updated 2022 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan- Kozlowski, T. (2017). Memorix Anatomy: The Complete Study Guide. 2nd ed. Thieme Medical Publishers.