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Why Heat Mats are Bad

A brief explaination on why heat mats are a bad primary heat source for reptiles - probably most relevant for people who keep snakes (such as ball pythons and corn snakes) as well as leopard geckos, as these animals are often kept on a heat mat set up. Hopefully this will show you that when looking at the heat lamp vs heat mat debate from a scientific perspective, it is quite clear which is the better heat source! Again, I don't want to shame anyone for using a mat, as the issues with them are not really discussed much within the hobby, and they are sufficient to allow your animal to survive and stay healthy. I have used them myself! However, there is a difference between providing an animal with the basics it needs to survive vs providing it with an environment in which it is free from discomfort and able to express its full range of natural behaviors (look up the five freedoms of animal welfare for more information). As mentioned in the video, the two main problems with heat mats are the fact that they do not provide heat from above and the fact that the emit infrared C aka far infrared, which does not allow a reptile to warm its body very efficiently. That being said, I personally also had issues with getting the temperature of my set up right when using a heat mat. Despite using a thermostat, it seemed that the warm spot temperatures would constantly flucturate depending on how much substrate was on top of the mat and how damp it was etc. Using a deep heat projector or a heat lamp lets you control your enclosure temperatures much more precisely as you can stick the probe into the warm hide and control its ambient temperature. If you want a more detailed explaination and more infos on different heating methods, feel free to check out the following videos: My video on why I switched from a ceramic heat emitter to a deep heat projector:    • Deep Heat Projector Set Up - Why I replace...   PDF of "Why infrared matters" by Roman Muryn (where the pie charts are from): https://www.reptifiles.com/wp-content... Animals at Home Podcast episode featuring Dr. Frances Baines (light and heating):    • Ultimate Reptile Lighting Guide   Animals at Home Podcast episode featuring Roman Muryn (Infrared radiation and heating):    • The Power of Infrared for Reptiles | Roman...   Reptile Wellness Management Study (behind a paywall): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25766... JTB Reptile's lighting and heating trilogy: part 1 (physics of heat)    • Reptile Heating & Lighting EXPLAINED - Rep...   part 2 (most relevant to my video - where he dunks on heat mats)    • The Best Heater for Reptiles - How to Heat...   part 3 (UVB)    • UV Guide For Reptiles - Vitamin D3, MBD, &...   "Best Reptile Heating Methods & Infra Red Radiation" by Reptiles and Research:    • Видео   ---- I tired to cite all my sources where possible, and the only images or recordings without citations are ones I created myself. If I did miss anything out or wrongly attributed something feel free to let me know so we can sort it out. Some of the repitle footage you see was taken by me at the Paris Zoo. Table of contents: 00:00 Introduction 00:57 issue #1 no top-down heat 03:22 issue #2 wrong kind of heat (IRC) 05:16 surviving vs thriving 06:07 I use a heat mat, now what? 06:33 Conclusion