Fortifications of Malta 🇲🇹 скачать в хорошем качестве

Fortifications of Malta 🇲🇹

Using Google Earth Studio and having a look at some of the countless bastions, cavaliers, ditches, counter guards, curtains and batteries which make up the vast network of fortifications on the Mediterranean island of Malta. 1). Fort St. Angelo (Antiquity) was built by the Knights of St. John over a ruins of a castle dating back to Norman times. It lies at the tip of Birgu, one of the three cities. 2). Birgu Forifications (1530 -1560). When the Knights of St. John moved to Malta in 1530, they established themselves in Birgu. The first modifications were made to the Castrum Maris, which was soon to be re-named Fort St. Angelo and used as the Grand Master's residence. The entire town slowly began to be surrounded by large walls, in a similar style to the Order's earlier defences in Rhodes. Birgu's land front was completed by 1540. 3). Santa Margherita Lines (1638 – 1736). The foundation stones was laid on 30th December 1638. When the three central bastions were completed in 1645, construction work stopped due to lack of funds and the lines remained unfinished for many years. Construction resumed in 1715 and was completed by 1736.4). Cottonera Lines (1670 - 1723). A six kilometer long line of fortifications, including ten bastions and seven main gates, in the shape of a semi-circle commissioned by Grand Master Nicola Cotoner. 5). Valletta Fortifications (1566 - 1635) in 1566 the foundation stone of the city was laid by the actual Master of Saint John`s order Jean de Valette, whose surname gave the name to the capital of Malta. 6). Floriana Lines (1635 - 1669) It was realised in 1635 that Valletta’s fortifications alone were not strong enough to withstand a long siege. Therefore, construction of the Floriana Lines commenced to enclose Valletta’s land front. 7). Senglea Fortifications (1552 - 1565) The first fortification to be built was Fort Saint Michael in 1552, and the majority of the fortifications were built over the next decade when it was founded by Grand Master Claude de la Sengle. 8). Mdina (Antiquity) was built far away from the sea, on a high hill, so that from its bastions and towers, any enemy who would dare attack could be clearly visible. The city’s walls provided shelter to all of the island’s inhabitants during the frequent attacks from corsairs. 9). Fort Ricasoli (1670 - 1698) a bastioned fort in Kalkara. After it was decommissioned in the 1960s, the fort was used for industrial purposes. Today, the fort remains mostly intact but in a dilapidated state, and it is used as a filming location and a tank cleaning facility. 10). Fort St. Elmo (1552 -1565). Best known for its role in the Great Seige of Malta in 1565. The fort withstood the siege for 28 days, falling to the Ottoman Turks on 23 June 1565. None of the defending knights survived, and only nine of the Maltese defenders survived by swimming across to Fort St. Angelo on the other side of the Grand Harbour after Fort St Elmo fell. The long siege bought much needed time for the preparation of the other two fortresses. 11). Fort Tingné (1723 - 1798) was built to protect the entrance to Marsamxett Harbour, and it is one of the oldest polygonal forts in the world. The fort was extensively altered by the British in the 19th century, and it remained in use by the military until 1979. 12). Saint Thomas Tower (1614) a large bastioned watchtower in Marsaskala. It was the third of six Wignacourt towers placed on stategic points around the island. 13). Fort Manoel (1723 - 1798) located to the north west of Valletta, and commands Marsamxett Harbour and the anchorage of Sliema Creek. The fort is an example of Baroque architecture, and it was designed with both functionality and aesthetics in mind. 13). Citadel (Antiquity) in Gozo. A major reconstruction of the southern walls of the Citadel was undertaken between 1599 and 1622, transforming it into a gunpowder fortress. The northern walls were left intact, and today they still retain a largely medieval form. The new fortifications were criticised in later decades, and plans to demolish the entire citadel were made multiple times in the 17th and 18th centuries, but were never carried out. 14). St. Julians is a town in the central Region. It is situated along the coast, north of the country's capital, Valletta. It is known for tourism-oriented businesses, such as hotels, restaurants and nightclubs which are centred mainly in an area known as Paceville. #Malta #MaltaFortifications #KnightsofMalta https://clic.ly/beenz75