Neuronantomy Chapter 7|Hypothalamus|Optic Chiasma|Tuber Cinereum|Mammillary Bodies скачать в хорошем качестве

Neuronantomy Chapter 7|Hypothalamus|Optic Chiasma|Tuber Cinereum|Mammillary Bodies

Hypothalamus The hypothalamus is that part of the diencephalon that extends from the region of the optic chiasma to the cau dal border of the mammillary bodies (see Fig. 7-2; see also Atlas Plate 8). It lies below the hypothalamic sulcus on the lateral wall of the third ventricle. Thus, anatomi cally, the hypothalamus is a relatively small area of the brain that is strategically well placed close to the limbic system, the thalamus, the ascending and descend ing tracts, and the hypophysis. Microscopically, the hypothalamus is composed of small nerve cells that are arranged in groups or nuclei. The arrangement of these nuclei and their connections are fully described in Chapter 13. Physiologically, nearly all the activities in the body are influenced by the hypothalamus. The hypo thalamus controls and integrates the functions of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine systems and plays a vital role in maintaining body homeostasis. It is involved in such activities as regulation of body temperature, body fluids, drives to eat and drink, sexual behavior, and emotion. Hypothalamic Relations Anterior to the hypothalamus is an area that extends forward from the optic chiasma to the lamina terminalis and the anterior commissure; it is referred to as the pre optic area. Caudally, the hypothalamus merges into the tegmentum of the midbrain. The thalamus lies superior to the hypothalamus, and the subthalamic region lies inferolaterally to the hypothalamus. When observed from below, the hypothalamus is seen to be related to the following structures, from anterior to posterior: (1) the optic chiasma, (2) the tuber cinereum and the infundibulum, and (3) the mam millary bodies. Optic Chiasma terminalis, and inferiorly, it is related to the hypophysis cerebri, from which it is separated by the diaphragma sellae. The anterolateral corners of the chiasma are con tinuous with the optic nerves, and the posterolateral bodies are two small hemispherical bodies situated side by side posterior to the tuber cinereum They possess a central core of gray matter invested by a capsule of myelinated nerve fibers. Posterior to the mammillary bodies lies an area of the brain that is pierced by a number of small apertures and is called the posterior perforated substance. These apertures transmit the central branches of the posterior cerebral arteries. Third Ventricle The third ventricle, which is derived from the with ependyma. The anterior wall is formed by a thin sheet of gray matter, the lamina terminalis, across which runs the medical study tips, medical study in hindi, medical study in canada, medical study in germany, medical study in usa, medical study point, medical study with me, medical study vlog, medical study abroad, how to study medical books, medical study center, medical for canada study visa, medical college study, medical coding study guide, medical study diary, medical study design, medical lecture in hindi, medical lecture India, medical lecture for students in hindi, medical lecture harvard, medical lecture in Urdu, medical lecture UK, medical lecture on caronavirus, medical lecture for doctor, medical biochemistry lecture, best medical lecture on YouTube, medical biochemistry video lectures, bhatia medical lectures, medical biology lectures, drbeen medical lecture ecg, dams medical lectures, medcram-medical lectures explained clearly, medical college lectures, medical coding lectures, medical lectures of dr najeeb, medical diagnosis lectures, drbeen medical lectures immunology, drbeen medical lecturesecg, dams medical lectures, medical education video lectures, mbbs lecture in hindi, 1st year mbbs lectures, first year mbbs lectures, ent mbbs lectures, microbiology mbbs lectures, best mbbs lectures online, 2nd year mbbs lectures, immunology mbbs lectures, dr afsar mbbs lectures, biochemistry lectures mbbs first year, mbbs course lectures, ecg physiology lectures mbbs, embryology lectures mbbs, ecg physiology lectures mbbs 1st year, forensic medicine lectures, mbbs final year lectures, general surgery mbbs lectures, histology lectures mbbs, mbbs pharmacology lectures, mbbs first year lectures pharmacology, physiology mbbs lectures, parasitology mbbs lectures, mbbs 5th year lectures, Neuroanatomy by Dr Najeeb Neuroanatomy lectures by Dr Najeeb Neuroanatomy by brainless medicos Neuroanatomy by selfless medicose Neuroanatomy by Anatomy Academy Brainless medicos Selfless medicose Dr shahab Iqbal Medical students Medical field Neurophysiology by Dr Najeeb Neurophysiology by selfless medicose Neurophysiology by brainless medicos Neuroanatomy by osmosis Neuronantomy by kenhub Kenhub. bds lectures, mbbs surgery lectures, mbbs 1st year lectures, mbbs 2nd year lectures, mbbs fourth year lectures, Dr.G Bhanu Prakash Animated Dr.G Bhanu Prakash Animated Medical Videos #mbbslectures #mbbsstudy #onlinestudylectures #lecturesonline #onlineacademy