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The Fatal Greek March Into Anatolia

In 1919, Greece believed history had given it a rare opportunity. With the Ottoman Empire collapsing after World War I, Greek troops landed in Smyrna with Allied support and began pushing deep into Anatolia, hoping to fulfill the vision of the Megali Idea. What began as a confident advance soon became a dangerous gamble. As Greek armies marched toward Ankara, their supply lines stretched across hostile terrain while Turkish resistance hardened under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal. From the brutal Battle of Sakarya to the devastating Turkish counteroffensive of 1922, the Greco-Turkish War would shatter Greece’s ambitions in Anatolia and overturn the post-World War I settlement imposed by the Treaty of Sèvres. In the aftermath of this fatal campaign, a new state emerged: the Republic of Turkey.