February Revolution - History of Russia in 100 Minutes (Part 22 of 36) скачать в хорошем качестве

February Revolution - History of Russia in 100 Minutes (Part 22 of 36)

"History of Russia in 100 Minutes" is a crash course for beginners. Here you will find the complete history summarized and retold in simple language with accurate dates, the most relevant names and essential concepts. After finishing the course, you will know: The basic characteristics of Russian history in different epochs The 54 most important rulers and 106 historical persons in Russian history 126 key dates and events in Russian history The basic terms and concepts of Russian history The text is accompanied by numerous online resources: 20,000 pictures 700 videos 3,500 songs 100 podcast episodes All that is available via the smarthistories.com website. http://smarthistories.com/ Narrated by: Sammi Bold Written by: Tanel Vahisalu Edited by: Madis Maasing and Kerry Kubilius Proofread by: Tony Burnett Graphic Art by: Mehak Zaib Suddle Video: "The Fall of the Romanov Dynasty” by Esfir Shub (1927) “October" by Sergey Eisenstein (1927) Music: "Tchaikovsky (Part II)" and "Crocodile Ghena's Song" (1995) by J.M.K.E. https://www.discogs.com/JMKE-Sputniks... - - - - - - - - - FEBRUARY REVOLUTION The February Revolution began, originally, as a peaceful Women’s Day demonstration on the streets of Petrograd that spontaneously grew into a general strike and mutiny. It burst out rather suddenly, and after just seven days, Tsar Nicholas II had abdicated. BACKGROUND By the beginning of 1917, the people of Petrograd had generally lost faith in tsardom, and their sovereign’s ability to handle the crisis. The price of bread had already multiplied over ten times. In February, further bread rationing was declared by the authorities. FEBRUARY REVOLUTION On 8 March 1917, (O.S. 23 February) International Women’s Day demonstrations were held in Petrograd. Women came to the streets to protest against food shortage, and they were joined by the workers of nearby plants, most notably the Putilov Company industrial plant. People shouted, "Bread!" and, “Down with the war!” and refused to leave the streets. By the next day 200,000 protesters had marched on the streets, and by the 10 March, (O.S. 25 February) nearly all enterprises in Petrograd were shut down. Nicholas II was out of town at the Mogilev military headquarters in Belarus. Chairman of the Duma, Mikhail Rodzianko, sent him a telegram: “Serious situation in the capital, where anarchy reigns. General discontent increasing. In the streets uninterrupted firing, and one part of the troops is firing the other…” Nicholas II did not even respond. Having ignored the news from Petrograd for many days, the Tsar finally ordered the streets to be cleared by rifle fire. Many of the soldiers of the Petrograd army garrison sympathized with the public, and refused to shoot. Mutiny spread among soldiers who then joined the protesters. By the 12 March, the capital, Petrograd, was completely controlled by revolutionaries. All in all, about 1,300 people were killed in riots. ABDICATION Once Nicholas II finally decided to return to Petrograd, his imperial train was not even allowed, by the revolutionaries, to enter the capital. The Tsar was cut off from the rest of the world in the middle of nowhere, and the Duma presented him with an ultimatum to resign. Nine out of ten of the Tsar’s generals sent him telegrams in which they strongly recommended abdication. It is debated that the Duma, and the Russian military elite, might have made some sort of agreement, prior to these events, to convince the Tsar to step down. On 15 March 1917, (O.S. 2 March) Nicholas II abdicated. He also did that in the name of his son Alexey. His brother, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, also refused the throne. Three hundred and four years of the Romanov Dynasty had come to an end.