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Today’s Paper: UC-MSCs After Trochlear Groove Reconstruction in Dogs This week on Sit. Stay. Learn., I reviewed a 2022 study by He et al. in Frontiers in Veterinary Science that explored whether umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) could help dogs recover more quickly after trochlear groove reconstruction (TGR)—a common surgery for patellar luxation. Why It Matters TGR is a go-to procedure for dogs with patellar luxation, but recovery can be complicated by inflammation and cartilage damage. UC-MSCs have regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties that make them an appealing tool to support smoother, faster healing. Study Overview • Design: Randomized controlled study • Subjects: 10 healthy poodles (12–18 months old, 4–6 kg) • Groups: o Treatment: 1 mL intra-articular UC-MSCs (1×10⁶ cells/kg) on days 0, 7, and 14 o Control: 1 mL saline • Measures: Bloodwork, cytokines, knee scores, CT imaging, and histopathology Key Findings Inflammation The treatment group showed significantly lower white blood cell and neutrophil counts on days 7 and 21 (p less than 0.05), indicating less inflammation post-surgery. Cytokine levels (IL-6, MMP-13, TGF-β1) didn’t differ meaningfully, suggesting the benefits may be more local than systemic. Functional Recovery Knee scores were better in treated dogs on days 1, 4, and 5 (p less than 0.01), meaning they regained function and comfort faster. By day 7, treated dogs had the same recovery scores the control dogs didn’t hit until around day 3—a roughly four-day faster recovery window. Imaging & Histology CT scans showed early cartilage regeneration by day 37 and restored bone contour by day 65 in treated dogs, while the control group still had visible cartilage gaps. Histology confirmed new cartilage that connected with existing tissue only in the UC-MSC group. My Takeaway Overall, UC-MSCs reduced inflammation, sped up recovery, and improved joint repair without any reported adverse effects. While this is a small study, it reinforces that cell therapy has a real role to play in orthopedic recovery. That said, these were allogeneic cells, meaning they came from donor dogs. The authors didn’t specify whether repeated injections used the same donor, and that’s something I’d like to see clarified in future work. It’s one reason I often lean toward autologous options, like Ardent’s SVF therapy, which eliminate the risk of immune reaction entirely. If you’ve used PRP or cell therapy in a TGR case, I’d love to hear your results. You can reach me at [email protected]. Read our blog at www.ardentanimalhealth.com/blog! .