Types Of Cracks || What is Cracks in The Welding? скачать в хорошем качестве

Types Of Cracks || What is Cracks in The Welding?

Types Of Cracks || What is Cracks in The Welding? Cracks are structural or surface imperfections that occur in materials like concrete, masonry, plaster, or metal due to various factors. Here’s a description of common types of cracks: --- 1. *Structural Cracks* **Description**: These cracks affect the integrity of the structure and occur due to significant forces or stresses. **Causes**: Uneven foundation settlement, overloading, earthquakes, or design flaws. **Appearance**: Wide and deep, often running through the structure, including walls, beams, or slabs. --- 2. *Non-Structural Cracks* **Description**: These cracks are surface-level and do not compromise structural stability. **Causes**: Shrinkage, temperature variations, or poor workmanship. **Appearance**: Fine and superficial, often appearing in plaster or paint layers. --- 3. *Horizontal Cracks* **Description**: Cracks running parallel to the ground, typically found in walls. **Causes**: Foundation movement, soil pressure, or improper construction joints. **Appearance**: Can be narrow or wide, often appearing at the joint between different materials. --- 4. *Vertical Cracks* **Description**: Cracks running perpendicular to the ground, often due to differential settlement. **Causes**: Foundation sinking, drying shrinkage, or thermal expansion. **Appearance**: Usually narrow and straight, extending from top to bottom of a structure. --- 5. *Diagonal Cracks* **Description**: Cracks that form at an angle, often indicative of structural stress. **Causes**: Uneven foundation settlement or lateral forces like wind or seismic activity. **Appearance**: Varies in width, typically wider at one end. --- 6. *Hairline Cracks* **Description**: Extremely fine cracks that are often hard to detect. **Causes**: Shrinkage during drying, minor thermal expansion, or contraction. **Appearance**: Thin and barely visible, usually superficial. --- 7. *Expansion Cracks* **Description**: Cracks caused by material expansion due to temperature changes. **Causes**: Lack of proper expansion joints in large structures. **Appearance**: Usually straight and appear at weak points or joints. --- 8. *Settlement Cracks* **Description**: Cracks resulting from uneven settlement of the ground or foundation. **Causes**: Poor soil compaction, changes in moisture levels, or inadequate foundation design. **Appearance**: Vary in width, often tapering at one end. --- 9. *Crazing Cracks* **Description**: Fine, interconnected cracks that resemble a spiderweb pattern. **Causes**: Rapid drying, over-troweling, or improper curing of concrete or plaster. **Appearance**: Shallow and confined to the surface. --- 10. *Splitting Cracks* **Description**: Long, narrow cracks caused by tensile stress. **Causes**: Overloading, thermal stress, or material fatigue. **Appearance**: Often linear and extend along the length of a member like a beam. --- 11. *Shear Cracks* **Description**: Cracks caused by shear forces acting on a structure. **Causes**: Overloading, seismic activity, or inadequate reinforcement. **Appearance**: Diagonal, often near corners of openings or at stress points. --- 12. *Corrosion Cracks* **Description**: Cracks caused by rusting and expansion of steel reinforcement. **Causes**: Moisture penetration, poor concrete cover, or chemical exposure. **Appearance**: Cracks follow the path of reinforcement, often accompanied by rust stains. --- Would you like a more detailed explanation of any specific type?