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老年高血压什么情况不能用利尿剂? 王晓楠 浙江大学医学院附属杭州市第一人民医院 在老年高血压药物种类里边,利尿剂其实是一大类,对于控制血压也是效果很好的,尤其是这种单纯收缩期高血压。那么可能还会选择这种利尿剂,但是有些情况是不能选择利尿剂的比如说最常用的,这种噻嗪的利尿剂,我们临床叫双氢克尿噻,那这类药物它的副作用是可以引起低钾,可以引起尿酸增高,所以当出现严重低钾血症的时候,比如说患者有明显的乏力,心律失常出现了,这种情况下,你就不适合选择这种排钾利尿剂了,因为一个严重的低钾血症,那可以引起一个恶性心律失常。还有一个就是痛风发作的时候,痛风患者那基本上你就不要去考虑这种噻嗪的利尿剂了。在肾功能不全的时候,包括高尿酸血症的时候,这类噻嗪类利尿剂你也是要慎用的,当然看你有没有别的选择,你可以选择其他的非噻嗪类的。还有一种情况下,也不能再去用利尿剂,那么就是尿不足的时候,脱水的时候。 What circumstance of senile hypertension cannot use diuretic? In the category of elderly hypertension drugs, Diuretics are a big group, It is also effective for controlling blood pressure, Especially this kind of simple systolic hypertension. You may also choose this diuretic, But in some cases, we can't choose diuretics, for example, the most commonly used, This diuretic of thiazide, Our clinical name is dihydroglutethiazide, The side effect of this kind of medicine is that it can cause low potassium, It can cause the increase of uric acid, So when you have severe hypokalemia, For example, the patient has obvious weakness, There's an arrhythmia, In this case, You are not suitable for this kind of potassium excretion diuretic, Because of a serious hypokalemia, That can cause a malignant arrhythmia. And then there's gout, For gout patients, you should not consider the diuretic of thiazide. In the case of renal insufficiency, Including hyperuricemia, You should also be careful with this kind of thiazide diuretics, Of course, it depends on whether you have other options, You can choose other non thiazides. In another case, No more diuretics, So when you don't have enough urine, When dehydrated.