Скачать с ютуб Illegal drugs: 275 million addicted people in the world в хорошем качестве

Illegal drugs: 275 million addicted people in the world

Palma de Mallorca/Madrid (Spain), October 04 (efesalud.com). Dr. Juan B. Soriano Ortiz, an epidemiologist at the Research Institute of the Hospital de La Princesa (IISP) and associate professor of Medicine at the Autonomous University of Madrid, says that, as shown in the data from the Study of the World Burden of Diseases (GBD), the consumption of illegal drugs worldwide is estimated at 275 million people in 2016; or what is the same, a prevalence rate of 5.6% of the population of planet Earth. "Since the beginning of times, humans have explored and abused different drugs, such as cannabis, amphetamines, opioids, and cocaine. Some experts say that like lemmings, humans are a species that sometimes explore self-destruction as a way of population control. Many drugs create addiction and mimic reward effects in the limbic system of the brains that are superior to food, sex and even survival. We know a lot about what can be done (and needs to be done) to help reduce the burden of psychoactive substance use. Yet, macro figures are appalling: In 2016, it was estimated that 275 million people worldwide used illicit drugs, which translates into an annual prevalence of illicit drug use of 5.6%. Cannabis is the most used illicit drug worldwide, with 192 million users. But there are others. Some 31 million people who used drugs suffered from drug use disorders. Almost 11 million people inject drugs, of which 1.3 million are living with HIV, 5.5 million with hepatitis C, and 1 million with both HIV and hepatitis C. Drug abuse is particularly harmful in children and adolescents: Initial estimations suggest that globally, 13.8 million young people aged 15–16 years used cannabis in the past year, equivalent to a rate of 5.6 per cent. In our already famous GBD study, drug use is ranked 12th in the world list of risk factors for morbidity and mortality. From 1990 to 2017, drug use increased 28% in terms of DALYs during this period. In men it was already the 13th cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, and with a trend to increase even more and faster in men than in women. Roughly 585,000 people died as a result of drug use in 2017, according to the GBD. Of those deaths, 167,750 were directly associated with drug use disorders (mainly overdoses). The rest were indirectly attributable to drug use and included deaths related to HIV and hepatitis C acquired through unsafe injecting practices. The headline figures for drug users have changed little in recent years, but this stability masks the striking ongoing changes in drug markets. Drugs such as heroin and cocaine that have been available for a long time increasingly coexist with new psychoactive substances, and there has been an increase in the non-medical use of prescription drugs. The range of substances and combinations available to users has never been wider. Record levels of plant-based drug production have been reached. Afghanistan is the main world producer of opium. Total global opium production jumped by 65% from 2016 to 2017, to 10,500 tons, the highest estimate ever recorded. Au contraire, the largest producer of cocaine is Colombia. Global cocaine manufacture in 2016 reached its highest level ever to an estimated 1,410 tons. Non-medical use of prescription drugs is becoming a major threat around the world. Different pharmaceutical opioids are misused in different regions. In North America, illicitly sourced fentanyl, mixed with heroin or other drugs, is driving the unprecedented number of overdose deaths. In Europe, the main opioid of concern remains heroin, but the non-medical use of methadone, buprenorphine and fentanyl has also been reported. In countries in West and North Africa and the Near and Middle East, the non-medical use of tramadol, a pharmaceutical opioid that is not under international control, is emerging as a substance of concern. Tramadol is perceived by recreational users as a way of boosting energy and improving mood. Non-medical use of pharmaceutical opioids reaches epidemic proportions in North America. In 2015 and 2016, for the first time in half a century, life expectancy in the United States of America declined for two consecutive years. A key factor was the increase in unintentional injuries, which includes overdose deaths, including fentanyl. Evidence suggests that Canada is also affected". All the story (in Spanish): https://www.efesalud.com/drogas-ilega... More Information: http://www.efesalud.com/