Laser-Plasma Accelerators: Riding the Wave to the Next Generation X-Ray Light Sources скачать в хорошем качестве

Laser-Plasma Accelerators: Riding the Wave to the Next Generation X-Ray Light Sources

Particle accelerators have been revolutionizing discoveries in science, medicine, industry and national security for over a century. An estimated 30,000 particle accelerators are currently active around the world. In these machines, electromagnetic fields accelerate charged particles, such as electrons, protons, ions or positrons to velocities nearing the speed of light. Although their scientific appeal will remain evident for many decades, one limitation of the current generation of particle accelerators is their tremendous size, typically a mile long, and cost, which often limits access to the broader scientific community. Acceleration of electrons in plasmas, in particular in laser-driven plasmas, has been drawing considerable attention over the past decade. These laser wakefield accelerators promise to dramatically reduces the size of accelerators and revolutionize applications in medicine, industry, and basic sciences. [6/2018] [Show ID: 33429] Donate to UCTV to support informative & inspiring programming: https://www.uctv.tv/donate More videos from: Lawrence Livermore National Lab Science on Saturday (https://www.uctv.tv/fieldtrip) Explore More Science & Technology on UCTV (https://www.uctv.tv/science) Science and technology continue to change our lives. University of California scientists are tackling the important questions like climate change, evolution, oceanography, neuroscience and the potential of stem cells. UCTV is the broadcast and online media platform of the University of California, featuring programming from its ten campuses, three national labs and affiliated research institutions. UCTV explores a broad spectrum of subjects for a general audience, including science, health and medicine, public affairs, humanities, arts and music, business, education, and agriculture. Launched in January 2000, UCTV embraces the core missions of the University of California -- teaching, research, and public service – by providing quality, in-depth television far beyond the campus borders to inquisitive viewers around the world. (https://www.uctv.tv) 0:00 Introduction 2:22 Particle accelerators are big machines 3:10 What are particle accelerators used for? 5:01 Particle accelerators use charged particles 8:21 X-rays are light 10:30 Examples of X-ray images 17:54 Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity 20:26 Synchrotrons and X-ray free electron lasers 21:40 A femtosecond is to a minute what a minute is to the age of the universe (14 billion years) 23:28 By using lasers and plasmas to do laser wakefield acceleration 24:08 What is a laser? 28:26 In a plasma, ions are much heavier than electrons and move around faster 29:19 Electron plasma wave 30:56 Trapped electrons surf on the plasma wave to gain energy 31:20 Just like surfing, laser wakefield acceleration requires good synchronization 33:20 Lasers we use at LLNL for laser wakefield acceleration 37:10 X-rays for radiography 37:42 Radiography of biological objects with X-rays from laser wakefield accelerators 38:15 X-rays for absorption spectroscopy 38:56 X-rays for diffraction 39:18 Pump-probe experiments 43:34 The ultra high intensity lasers world map 45:05 Laser plasma accelerators will revolutionize these fields