NUSAIRI SHIA KAUN | History of the Alawite Sect скачать в хорошем качестве

NUSAIRI SHIA KAUN | History of the Alawite Sect

About Video Who Are the Alawites? A History of Syria's Secretive and Mysterious Sect History of the Alawite Sect Note: "Alawi" is often used to refer to this sect, but they are historically known as Nusayris. The term "Alawi" also refers to descendants of Ali from wives other than Fatimah, while this sect is specifically known as Nusayris. Most people are familiar with Syria’s former president Bashar al-Assad and his family, who belong to the Nusayri or Alawite sect. But what exactly is this sect or faith? What are its beliefs, rituals, and history? Before delving into the Alawites, we've previously discussed lesser-known religions and sects such as the Yazidis (Iraq), Druze (Syria), Ibadi (Oman), Samaritans (Palestine), and Shugendo (Japan). Today, let’s focus on the Alawite sect. The Two Perspectives on Alawites: 1. That it is a separate religion. 2. That it is a distant branch of Islam. Alawites: Geography and Population The global Alawite population is estimated to be around 4 million, with about 2 million residing in Syria, primarily in Latakia and Tartus. Other Alawite communities are found in Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, **Germany, Argentina, and **Australia. History of Alawites 1. Founding: The Alawite sect was founded in the 9th century by Muhammad ibn Nusayr, a student of the 10th and 11th Shia Imams, Ali al-Hadi and Hasan al-Askari. This is why they are also referred to as Nusayris. Later, Ibn Nusayr declared himself an Imam, which led to his separation from mainstream Shia Islam and the formation of a new sect. 2. Expansion: The sect gained prominence under Abu Abdullah al-Husayn al-Khasibiand Sarur ibn al-Qasim al-Tabarani, who introduced Nusayri beliefs to Shia Muslims in Latakia and Tartus, leading to their conversion to Alawism. Since then, the Alawites have remained concentrated in these regions. Beliefs and Theology Alawite beliefs are a mix of Shia Islam, Sunni Islam, Pagan religions, and Christianity. 1. Creation of Humans: Alawites believe that before coming to Earth, humans existed as light encircling God, praising Him. Due to disobedience, they were sent to Earth in their current form as a punishment, and life is considered a form of penance. 2. Seven Incarnations of God: Alawites believe that God descended to Earth seven times in human form to deliver His message: Abel Seth Joseph Joshua Asaph Simon Ali (the only successful incarnation). For them, Ali is God for eternity. 3. Concepts of "Mana," "Hijab," and "Bab": Mana: When God appears in human form. Hijab: A figure created to conceal God's divinity. For example, Adam, Noah, and Muhammad served as veils (Hijabs). Bab: The "gate" to reach God. The final Bab is believed to be Salman the Persian. 4. Sacred Texts: The Alawite holy book is "Kitab al-Majmu’a," authored by Sarur ibn al-Qasim al-Tabarani. Their second-most revered text is Nahj al-Balagha, followed by the Quran. 5. Rituals: Alawites pray five times a day, often in private homes. Details of their prayers remain secretive. Festivals Alawites celebrate: Quds: A festival where wine is consumed, believed to symbolize the blood of Ali. Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. Christmas, Nowroz, and Ashura. On Ashura, they believe Husayn was not martyred in Karbala but was lifted to the heavens. Ibn Battuta's Account The famed traveler Ibn Battuta wrote about the Alawites in Latakia and Tartus, describing them as followers of Ali who didn’t perform ablutions, pray, or maintain mosques. Instead, they used mosques to house livestock. This highlights their historical divergence from Islamic practices. Modern History 1. French Era: During French control of Syria, Alawites received significant support. The French established an Alawite state in Latakia, which lasted from 1920 to 1946. 2. Ascent to Power: Alawites gained influence in Syria’s government and military, culminating in Hafez al-Assad's 1966 coup. To ensure legitimacy, a fatwa declared Alawites as a branch of Islam. 3. Sect Divisions: Over time, Alawites split into three sub-sects: Qamari: Believing Ali is God. Shamsi: Considering Ali and Muhammad as equals. Murshidi: Followers of Salman al-Murshid, who claimed prophethood. 4. Bashar al-Assad's Rule: Bashar al-Assad, succeeding his father Hafez, presided over the Syrian Civil War, leading to widespread atrocities, with millions displaced or killed. The Alawites remain an enigmatic sect, deeply intertwined with Syria's history, religion, and politics. Their beliefs, secrecy, and political ties make them one of the most unique and controversial groups in the Middle East. #Alawites #Nusayris #SyrianHistory #ReligiousSects #MysteryOfAlawites #IslamicSects #AlawiteBeliefs #Shia #NusairiShia #BasharulAsad #shaami