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Bench to Bedside: Asthma Heterogeneity, Part 1 - Prescott Woodruff

https://www.ibiology.org/human-diseas... In the first of these lectures, Prescott Woodruff explains that while asthma may be episodic in nature, it is a chronic disorder characterized by airway hypersensitivity and bronchial inflammation. Although asthma is a heterogeneous disease, treatment is typically based upon clinical severity rather than the underlying molecular phenotype. Woodruff describes how he and Dr. Arron and their colleagues were able to distinguish two distinct groups of asthma patients, one of with higher levels of T helper 2 cytokines and one with lower levels, by measuring specific gene expression patterns. Patients with different levels of Th2 cytokines responded differently to inhaled steroid treatment. This finding suggests that developing biomarkers that could indicate whether patients were Th2-high or low would help guide anti-inflammatory treatment. In part 2, Joe Arron reiterates the fact that asthma patients present with varying degrees of airway inflammation. Characterizing this heterogeneity objectively and consistently can be challenging. Arron describes how he and Woodruff, together with their collaborators, were able to determine that the serum level of a protein called periostin was a candidate predictive diagnostic biomarker for patients who might benefit from novel anti-inflammatory drugs including an IL13 inhibitor and an IgE inhibitor. Periostin is currently one of the biomarkers used to select patients for enrollment in clinical trials for two drugs candidates under development by Genentech. About Prescott Woodruff Dr. Woodruff earned his MD from Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and completed his residency at Massachusetts General Hospital. He did a research fellowship in respiratory epidemiology at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston and also earned a Master's of Public Health from Harvard University. After completing a fellowship in pulmonary and critical care medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, he joined the faculty at UCSF in 2002. Currently, Woodruff is an Associate Professor in the Department of Medicine. Research in Woodruff's lab is focused on a number of lung diseases including asthma and chronic pulmonary lung disease. His lab investigates the distinct molecular phenotypes underlying these diseases and the molecular mechanisms of airway inflammation. They are also working to develop blood-based diagnostic markers for specific lung disease phenotypes. Woodruff has collaborated with Joe Arron since 2006.