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Theory of Laminated Composites

CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) laminate theory plays a crucial role in understanding the mechanical behavior of continuous fiber-reinforced composite polymers. The theory outlines the fundamental stress-strain relationships, as well as the stiffness characteristics of laminated composites, which are critical for predicting and optimizing the performance of such materials in engineering applications. In this context, the laminate's mechanical response is governed by principles derived from elasticity theory, with assumptions that the laminate is thin and behaves in a two-dimensional (2D) elastic manner. Furthermore, composite materials like CFRP are anisotropic and orthotropic, meaning their mechanical properties differ in each direction. The stiffness and stress-strain response of each ply are highly dependent on the fiber orientation, and these properties are described using stiffness matrices. Transforming stresses and strains between different coordinate systems (global and local) is essential for accurate analysis, particularly when assessing failure or deformation, with Mohr's circle being an indispensable tool for such transformations. This theory allows engineers to characterize the mechanical behavior of laminates, taking into account the effects of individual laminae, ply orientation, and external conditions such as temperature and moisture effects, which are also discussed in the document.