The Nature of Decision Making in Public Administration скачать в хорошем качестве

The Nature of Decision Making in Public Administration

Organizational decision making involves making a choice to alter some existing condition. Choosing one course of action in preference to others, you expend resources to implement the decision with the expectation of gaining something desirable. Some decisions are made to maintain the status quo, but theoretically the mere fact that a decision was called for not to change something alters the overall situation. Thus, a decision entails a series of other choices that may rightly be regarded as part of it. It is assumed that a decision maker selects the course of action most appropriate to achieving a desired result or objective. Deciding what is most appropriate is often difficult and there is always some degree of risk involved in implementing that decision. Concerns that are central to the decision-making process include increasing potential gains, monitoring the ongoing process, and reducing the resource expenditure and risk involved. It should be noted that the great majority of all decisions are routine and based on previously adopted policy. Routine decisions have the advantage of requiring little time or mental energy to make. They can be made according to regular schedules or where clear need exists, without having to start from scratch each time. The central risk involved in routine decision making is the failure to perceive a need to reconsider existing policy or program assumptions.