What is a Broadcast Storm, how to Recognize It, and How to Stop It скачать в хорошем качестве

What is a Broadcast Storm, how to Recognize It, and How to Stop It

A broadcast storm is a situation in a computer network where a large number of broadcast packets are transmitted in a short amount of time. This can cause network congestion, slowing down or even completely disrupting the network's operation. What Causes a Broadcast Storm? A broadcast storm typically occurs in Layer 2 networks, particularly in Ethernet networks, when devices on the network send broadcast frames that reach all devices. A broadcast frame is a message sent to all nodes in a network. However, when these frames are repeatedly sent in a loop due to network topology issues, it can overwhelm the network. Common causes of a broadcast storm include: Network loops: If there are multiple network paths without proper loop protection, broadcast traffic can circulate endlessly, consuming bandwidth and processing power. Faulty network equipment: A malfunctioning router, switch, or other network devices could cause an unusual number of broadcasts. Misconfigured devices: Devices, such as computers or servers, that are misconfigured to send out excessive broadcast packets can contribute to the problem. How to Prevent or Stop a Broadcast Storm Spanning Tree Protocol (STP): STP is designed to prevent network loops in Ethernet networks. By disabling redundant paths or blocking certain links, STP ensures that broadcast frames don't circulate endlessly. It automatically adjusts the network topology to eliminate loops. Limit Broadcast Traffic: Some network devices, such as switches and routers, allow you to limit the number of broadcast packets allowed on the network. This can help reduce the impact of a broadcast storm. Segregate Networks (VLANs): Dividing your network into Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) reduces the scope of broadcast traffic. Devices in different VLANs do not receive each other's broadcast messages unless explicitly routed. Configure Storm Control on Switches: Many modern switches have a feature called storm control, which allows administrators to limit the amount of broadcast, multicast, and unknown unicast traffic that can flood the network. This prevents excessive broadcast traffic from overwhelming the switch and the network. Proper Device Configuration: Ensure that network devices are properly configured and maintained. Misconfigured network interfaces or protocols that generate unnecessary broadcasts should be corrected. For example, make sure that DHCP servers are correctly set up to prevent broadcast storms from occurring in response to DHCP discovery packets. Use Static IPs Where Possible: In some environments, particularly with servers, using static IP addresses can reduce the reliance on DHCP servers, thus limiting unnecessary broadcast traffic. Network Monitoring: Regularly monitor network traffic with tools like Wireshark or network management software to identify unusual spikes in broadcast traffic. Being proactive can help detect and mitigate broadcast storms before they cause significant issues. Check for Malfunctioning Devices: Ensure that devices like network interfaces, routers, or switches are not malfunctioning or misconfigured in a way that causes excessive broadcast traffic. A faulty NIC or improperly configured router could be generating a large amount of unnecessary broadcast traffic. By implementing these strategies, you can prevent or reduce the chances of a broadcast storm from occurring, thus ensuring the health and performance of your network.