EXTRACTION OF VERY LOW TEMPERATURE WASTE HEAT SOURCES FOR ELECTRICAL GENERATION скачать в хорошем качестве

EXTRACTION OF VERY LOW TEMPERATURE WASTE HEAT SOURCES FOR ELECTRICAL GENERATION

In this video we are using a water vapor and air mixture to extract energy from very low temperature waste heats. Solar thermal, wood boilers, and many industrial applications can produce very large amounts of thermal energy. This energy is almost always below steam temperatures. Thus, impossible to utilise with conventional methods. However, not impossible. By using air we can cause a 100% relative humidity level, by bubbling air through the liquid water. As the air absorbs liquid water, a phase change occurs. The liquid water become a vapor and 1150 btu per pound of water is extracted during this phase change. This cause the real sensible heat of the water to drop and cooling is visible and substantial. The water vapor can hold 10 times more latent heat during a phase change than conventional refrigerants .... baring none. We did not lose thus heat, it just became absorbed in the phase change. We will get it back during the condensing of the water vapors back into liquid water. Now we gave high humidity water vapor mixed with air at approximately the same sensible heat of the liquid water in the holding tank. This 100% relative humidity water vapor and heated air then enters the suction side of any conventional air comoressor at atmospheric pressure. When compressed the latent heat in the water vapor is converted into sensible heat through compression. Typical temperature are between 250 to 350 degrees Fahrenheit . Oddly enough the pressure of the resulting vapor can not usually exceed a 1.8 times increase over normal atmospheric pressures, thus the gauge pressure us almost always around 45 to 50 psi discharge . However, thermal temperatures are extremely elevated and a dry superheated steam condition occur. 90% of this increase in temperature came from the latent heat of water vapor. When air expands it continues to do so until the water vapor becomes fully condensed. Depending on the ambient temperature , releasing a compressed air tank at 6 atmospheres of pressure results in a temperature equal to the lower limit of water to remain a liquid, which is 32 degrees Fahrenheit . But since the compressor discharge is substantially above ambient we can only reduce the temperature of the water vapor and air mixture until the water vapor becomes completely condensed. The air and condensate leave the turbine 100 to 200 degrees cooler than they entered the turbine. The nozzle (1/8 orifice in this video) convert high temperature and pressures into lower temperature and pressures and speed is increased. Kinetic energy has been produced in the converging nozzle . This high velocity low pressure mixture is converted into mechanical energy in the turbine. The discharged waste heat of the turbine us then pulled back into the waste heat tank for further humidification. Because the incoming air is now also containing heat from the compressor, and any latent heat of flash steam not condensed in the turbine, the process is very efficient. The higher the original heat of the water to begin with, the more efficient the extraction process becomes and the greater amount of work can be extracted. Sorry for the video quality. I basically just need to document my progress. So the video is mostly for myself but hopefully it established a good example of an organic Rankin cycle, without using heat exchangers, refrigerants other than water, some basic ingenuity and a good understanding of vapor compression and expansion. Mix this with a thorough understanding of latent heat, the refrigeration cycle and a turbine and we should be able to extract more energy out of the waste heat than we use during vapor compression. Thanks for noticing .