How to increase crop yield?: Bio Technology in Crops. скачать в хорошем качестве

How to increase crop yield?: Bio Technology in Crops.

TN-08-Science https://inpeth.com/course/RktxnFRMnt4... For farmers, who are solely dependent on agriculture for living, it is important to get good yield. Traditional methods such as usage of fertilisers and manure, and crop rotation are effective but not as much as modern methods. In Agriculture, Application of biotechnology has brought tremendous change in getting good yield, reducing maintenance cost, reducing maturing time of crops. Following features of biotech has helped farmers and agriculture industry a lot. 1. Crop selection: While growing crop, farmers have to consider required amount of water, nutrients, and time to get yield. Biotechnology has enabled farmers to find suitable crop for their place. For example, in an area where it rains very less, crop which require less water is best suitable. and If soil contains less nitrogen, crop which requires less nitrogen is best suitable. 2. Hybridisation: Hybridisation is the process by which A hybrid or new variety is produced by crossing the already existing two varieties. The new variety becomes different from original ones. For example, We have different varieties of rice around us. Some have big grains and some have small. By hybridisation, a third variety can be formed which has medium sized grain. 3. Polyploid breeding: In this process, chromosomal number of a plant is increased. Chromosomes are found inside the cell's nucleus and are responsible for transferring traits of parent to child. By increasing it, bigger fruits, thick leaves, beautiful flowers can be produced. Mutation Breeding: Mutation breeding is commonly used to produce traits in crops such as larger seeds, new colours, or sweeter fruits, that cannot be found in nature. In this method, seed are exposed to chemicals and radiations and are modified or mutated at cellular level. Protoplast fusion: In this method, new varieties of plant are formed by merging cells of two different plants. Protoplasm is the inner cell material. When protoplast are fused, a new cell is formed with 2 nuclei. and these new cells result in new type of plants. Tissue culture: In this method, tissues or cells are separated from parent plant and grown in controlled environment. This method helps in study the organism as well as modify it. Resultant plant differs from parent plants and it's seeds differ too. and new type of plants are formed.