Pharmacology of Fluphenazine ; Phamacokinetics, Mechanism of Action, Uses, Effects скачать в хорошем качестве

Pharmacology of Fluphenazine ; Phamacokinetics, Mechanism of Action, Uses, Effects

Fluphenazine is a high-potency typical antipsychotic medication used primarily to treat chronic psychoses such as schizophrenia. Here's an overview of its pharmacology: Mechanism of Action Dopamine Receptor Antagonist: Fluphenazine works by blocking dopamine D2 receptors in the brain, which helps reduce psychotic symptoms. Phenothiazine Class: It belongs to the phenothiazine class of antipsychotics, which also block histaminergic, muscarinic, and alpha receptors, though to a lesser extent. Pharmacokinetics Absorption: Fluphenazine is well-absorbed after oral administration, with a bioavailability of 2.7%. Metabolism: It is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by the CYP2D6 enzyme. Elimination: The drug and its metabolites are excreted through urine (mainly) and feces. Half-Life: The elimination half-life of fluphenazine is approximately 14.4 to 16.4 hours for oral administration and up to 14 days for the decanoate (long-acting) injection form. Clinical Uses Psychotic Disorders: Used to manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking in conditions like schizophrenia. Long-Acting Injection: Fluphenazine decanoate is used for patients requiring prolonged therapy, with effects lasting up to 4 weeks. Side Effects Common: Extrapyramidal symptoms (e.g., tremors, rigidity), sedation, weight gain, and dry mouth. Serious: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia (a potentially permanent movement disorder), and increased risk of mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis. Precautions Cardiac Monitoring: Regular ECG monitoring is recommended due to the risk of QT prolongation. Drug Interactions: Fluphenazine can interact with other medications that affect the QT interval or are metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme system. Special Populations: Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, and avoid use in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis #Fluphenazine