Pigment (Bilirubin) Gallstones ; Definition, Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Complications скачать в хорошем качестве

Pigment (Bilirubin) Gallstones ; Definition, Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Complications

Pigment bilirubin gallstones are small, dark-colored gallstones composed of bilirubin, a pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. They account for about 10-20% of all gallstones. Characteristics: 1. Small size (usually less than 5 mm) 2. Dark color (black, brown, or dark green) 3. Composed of bilirubin and other pigments 4. Often associated with: Hemolytic disorders (e.g., sickle cell disease, thalassemia) Liver cirrhosis Biliary tract infections Inflammatory bowel disease Risk factors: 1. Hemolytic disorders 2. Chronic liver disease 3. Biliary tract infections 4. Inflammatory bowel disease 5. Genetic predisposition Symptoms: 1. Often asymptomatic 2. May cause biliary colic (abdominal pain) 3. May lead to complications like cholecystitis or pancreatitis Treatment: 1. Usually requires surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) 2. May require treatment of underlying conditions (e.g., hemolytic disorders) Note: Pigment bilirubin gallstones are more common in people with certain medical conditions, and their small size can make them more challenging to diagnose. #Gallstones