Genetic variations (allopolyploids, autopolyploids,) A Tale of Two Genomes Super Plants & Disease скачать в хорошем качестве

Genetic variations (allopolyploids, autopolyploids,) A Tale of Two Genomes Super Plants & Disease

This biological conversation delves into the fascinating world of chromosome variations, specifically focusing on polyploidy, aneuploidy, and chromosomal rearrangements. It begins by defining polyploidy as the presence of extra sets of chromosomes, differentiating between autopolyploids (from one species) and allopolyploids (from two or more species), highlighting their prevalence in plants and rarity in animals, and illustrating their implications using examples like bananas, cotton, and wheat. The lecture then transitions to aneuploidy, characterized by the abnormal number of individual chromosomes (e.g., trisomies like Down Syndrome), and explains its cause through meiotic nondisjunction and its correlation with maternal age. Finally, the document briefly introduces deletions, duplications, and translocations as structural rearrangements, before pivoting to a new topic: linkage, recombination, and eukaryotic gene mapping, setting the stage for understanding how genes located on the same chromosome are inherited and how their distance can be mapped based on recombination frequency.