Osteochondroma or osteocartilaginous exostosis, tumor in CT scan by RadiologyTV скачать в хорошем качестве

Osteochondroma or osteocartilaginous exostosis, tumor in CT scan by RadiologyTV

This video is about the osteochondroma also called osteocartilaginous exostosis. It is the most common benign bone tumor with variable size and solitary in most of the cases. It is typically located at the metaphysis of long bones. It can be pedunculated or sessile but you always find a continous cortex and marrow from the underlying bone. It has a cartilaginous cap and sometimes you find calcifications at the chondro-osseous portion. It is mostly discovered in the first 3 decates and after skeletal maturation the tumor will stop growing. In most cases the tumor is asymptomatic and only when very large or situated at an unfavorable location it can cause nerve or vascular compression or pressure errosions of adjacent bones. Also in case of a fracture or inflammations of the bursa above the cartilaginous cap a new pain can occur. Very seldom, in less than 1%, there is the possibility of a malignant transformation. A sign for a malignant transformation is a cartilage cap thicker than 2cm as well as calcifications within the cartilage cap. Only in case of hereditary multiple exostosis the chance of a malignant transformation is as high as 10% especially if located in the shoulder or pelvis region. If it is not possible to identify the contigious cortex and medullary cavity on a conventional radiograph you might consider differential diagnosis like a peri- oder parosteal osteosarcoma or the myositis ossificans. In this case a CT scan should follow in order to clarify the diagnosis. If there are now signs of malignant transformation like new onset of pain that can't be explained by fracture or bursitis, a thickend cartilage cap or calcifications within the cap there is no need for surgical resection unless there are complains due to irritation of adjacents structures.