Grapevine Trunk Disease Management for Vineyard longevity скачать в хорошем качестве

Grapevine Trunk Disease Management for Vineyard longevity

The grapevine trunk diseases Eutypa and Botryosphaeria dieback reduce vineyard productivity and longevity. Vines are infected through pruning wounds and colonise wood, causing dieback and eventual vine death and, in the case of Eutypa dieback, stunting and yellowing of shoots and leaves. Cultural practices, such as the timing of pruning to avoid rainfall, can reduce the likelihood of infection, and disease control can be achieved preventatively through pruning wound treatment and curatively by remedial surgery. Rapid, low cost, DNA-based molecular diagnostic tools have been developed to detect trunk disease pathogens in infected plants and in spore traps. Microbiome studies detected relatively low abundance of young vine decline pathogens and a prevalence of non-pathogenic and beneficial organisms in nursery vines. Water-deficit stress increased the susceptibility of young vines to Botryosphaeria dieback pathogen infection, particularly under high disease pressure, but vines with low level of infection were able to withstand disease for at least three seasons with sufficient water. These outcomes provide new information that is being extended to industry and will lead to adoption of improved strategies for managing trunk diseases, which will increase vineyard longevity in diverse climates of Australia.