Antique Porcelain Collection in Europe скачать в хорошем качестве

Antique Porcelain Collection in Europe

Free video about porcelain in Europe. This free video was created for you by http://epsos.de and can be used for free under the creative commons license with the attribution of epSos.de as the original author of this porcelain in Europe video. Thank you for supporting the creative commons movement !! The porcelain is a material ceramic craft or produced industrially and traditionally white, compact, hard, translucent, waterproof, resonant, low stretch and highly resistant to chemical attack and thermal shock, used to make the various components of the tableware. Powered by the Chinese in the seventh century or VIII and historically appreciated in the West, was a long time before its production method was reinvented in Europe. Porcelain or stoneware is fired at a much higher temperature, about 1200 Celsius. Is obtained from a paste composed elaborate kaolin, feldspar and quartz. The process of baking is performed in two stages. The first is obtaining the cake (850-900 ° C) and the second corresponds to the glaze (at temperatures vary by product between 1175 and 1450 ° C). The firing porcelain made ​​in wood ovens to keep their whiteness, parts are protected against deposits of ash and direct flame, by a system of refractory gazettes. Usually decorating porcelain firing at a third (third firing) with pigments obtained from calcined metal oxides. The Imari porcelain is the Western name that has been given to products of porcelain made ​​in the town of Arita, Saga Prefecture, Japan. This porcelain was very popular in Europe since 1650 when the Dutch East India Company imported it from Arita. Its popularity grew over a century, taking advantage of the production of Chinese porcelain by civil war was paralyzed until it replaced the ceramic Arita mid-eighteenth century. The Meissen porcelain is the first porcelain in Europe. Since ancient times has made ​​porcelain in China. Already in the seventeenth century, the oriental porcelain was a highly valued commodity. Most of it was imported from China and Japan by the Dutch East India Company. The oriental porcelain was symbol of wealth, importance and good taste. Is this the reason we began to think about the possibility of producing locally porcelain Europe. Previous attempts to produce porcelain had been a failure, as the case of the " Medici porcelain ". For some years, Meissen had the monopoly on the production of hard porcelain in Europe. Around 1717 competition was established in Vienna, as Samuel Stöltzel sold the secret recipe, which included the use of kaolinite or "Chinese mud". Already in 1760, about 30 porcelain manufacturers were based in Europe. However, most of them soft paste porcelain produced due to lack of local deposits of kaolinite. The rarity of some items of Meissen porcelain and the enormous value that gives them the quality of the material used, extremely made ​​were employed exclusively by the estates of the nobility and royalty. Meissen porcelain was responsible, among others, the Russian, French and English royalty, as well as other noble houses of countries in Europe. This simple, Meissen porcelain was handing out by different collections. When they began to emerge the affluent US also began to acquire pieces of old collections. Some of these collections can be enjoyed in different museums. In this period, pulp and enamel were modified to produce a clear slightly opaque white surface, wherein paint. The influence of Meissen porcelain from Germany, was evident in the classic figures among the ruins of Italian style. The production date of Derby porcelain dating from the first half of the eighteenth century, although the exact authorship and start of production remain a matter of conjecture today. The Bone china is a type of porcelain phosphate paste composed addition kaolin, feldspar and quartz, with at least 30% bone ash used as fusion. It is characterized by its high degree of whiteness and transparency, one for its hardness and high resistance to shock, is among the best porcelain and nobler. The first attempts were made ​​by Thomas Frye in Bow porcelain factory, near London in 1748. Its factory was located very close to the slaughterhouses of Essex and therefore within easy reach of animal bones. Despite the quality achieved, the factory had no commercial success expected in competition with imported porcelain of China. Production of this type of porcelain is similar to hard porcelain, except that requires more attention due to its low flowability and finest vitrification. The traditional formulation of this porcelain is about 25% kaolin, 25% Cornish stone and 50% bone ash. Thank you for supporting the creative commons movement !!