Ibn Saud - Unification of Saudi Arabia скачать в хорошем качестве

Ibn Saud - Unification of Saudi Arabia

The Al-Saud family had been in exile since 1893 following the disintegration of the Second Saudi State and the rise of Jebel Shammar under the Al Rashid clan. In 1902, Ibn Saud recaptured Riyadh, the Al Saud dynasty's former capital. to see the map click on this time [00:00] He went on to subdue the rest of Nejd, Al-Hasa, Jebel Shammar, Asir, and Hejaz (location of the Muslim holy cities of Mecca and Medina) between 1913 and 1926. The resultant polity was named the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz from 1927 until it was further consolidated with Al-Hasa and Qatif into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932. The unification of Saudi Arabia was a military and political campaign, by which the various tribes, sheikhdoms, and emirates of most of the Arabian Peninsula were conquered by the House of Saud, or Al Saud, between 1902 and 1932, when the modern-day Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was proclaimed. Carried out under the charismatic Abdul Aziz Ibn Saud, this process created what is sometimes referred to as the Third Saudi State, to differentiate it from the first and second states that existed under the Al Saud clan. The Treaty of Darin or the Darin Pact (1915), was between the United Kingdom and Abdul-Aziz Al Saud (Ibn Saud) ruler of Nejd, The Treaty made the lands of the House of Saud a British protectorate and attempted to define its boundaries. The British aim of the treaty was to guarantee the sovereignty of Kuwait, Qatar and the Trucial States. Abdul-Aziz agreed not to attack these British protectorates, but gave no undertaking that he would not attack the Sharif of Mecca. The Treaty of Jeddah (1927), superseded the Treaty of Darin (1915) and was signed on May 20, 1927, between King Abdul Aziz and the United Kingdom. It recognized the sovereignty of King Abdul Aziz over what was then known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd; these regions were unified into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932. In return, King Abdul Aziz would hold back his forces from attacking and harassing neighboring British Protectorates.