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Narcissism and Physical Abuse (Narcissistic Abuse)

This video answers the question” What is the relationship between narcissism and physical abuse? When we talk about narcissism and any type of abuse we oftentimes think of the term “narcissistic abuse.” What this term means is in a relationship between a parent and a child or in a relationship between two adults, one individual could have traits of narcissism and that could contribute to abusive behavior. For example, “gaslighting” is a term we hear associated with this. This is when somebody with narcissistic traits tries to convince somebody else that they have mental disorder symptoms or distressing symptoms. The individual narcissism tries to make it appear as if that other person is the problem in the relationship. This term narcissistic abuse can refer to a relationship again between a parent or a child or two adults, but it's not an official term, rather it's more a term we see in the popular culture. It's not defined for use in mental health treatment and there's no type of syndrome, disorder, or condition listed in the DSM that is related to narcissistic abuse. This doesn't mean that narcissistic abuse can't lead to some sort of syndrome disorder or classification, it just means there's not an official classification for this and that's because the consequences of what we refer to as narcissistic abuse don't tend to cluster together. We don't tend to see the same symptoms over and over, although certain symptoms of course seem to be more common than others, for example: general distress, anxiety, worry, nervousness, codependency, and symptoms associated with emotional dysregulation. These would be fairly common, but again they don't cluster together in a clinically useful way or at least we haven't discovered that yet. Therefore, there's no disorder associated with narcissistic abuse, but that doesn't mean that some sort of classification isn't theoretically possible. We also see that the term narcissistic abuse doesn't come up in the research literature very often. That's because this isn't a specific term that's the focus of research, but that doesn't mean that this construct doesn't exist in the research at all. We study trait narcissism, pathological narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder, and we look for the effects that these behaviors have on other individuals. This would be similar to the construct of narcissistic abuse. Sometimes it's really just a matter of terminology that gets people confused when looking at what's involved with the popular culture and what's common in research. Narcissism is a personality trait and with it we see a sense of entitlement and arrogance. Narcissistic personality disorder is a Cluster B personality disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, so this is an official diagnosis that somebody can receive. The two types of pathological narcissism are grandiose (overt) and vulnerable (covert). Similarities between these types include self-centeredness, intolerance, mistrust, excessive need for admiration, and the disregard of the needs of others. With overt narcissism we see a sense of entitlement, dominance, a sense of superiority, and a tendency to exploit other individuals. Covert narcissism is characterized by a tendency to experience shame (shame-proneness), sadness, insecurity, hypersensitivity, anger, and aggression. Crouch, J., Hiraoka, R., Rutledge, E., Zengel, B., Skowronski, J., & Milner, J. (2015). Is Narcissism Associated with Child Physical Abuse Risk? Journal of Family Violence, 30(3), 373–380.