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आज दादी जी से बातचीत की 😊 Uttarakhand is facing a host of significant and interconnected challenges—environmental, social, and infrastructural. Here’s an in-depth look: ⸻ 🌄 1. Environmental & Disaster Risks • Frequent extreme weather: Monsoons bring heavy rainfall, triggering landslides, flash floods, cloudbursts, and avalanches. For example, a cloudburst hit Chamoli’s Mukh village on July 8, 2025, while an avalanche in Mana (Feb 28, 2025) resulted in multiple worker fatalities  . • Eroded mountains: Unplanned construction, deforestation, and infrastructure projects destabilize slopes—accelerating villages’ abandonment or even the collapse of towns like Joshimath due to land subsidence . • Melting glaciers & flash floods: Accelerated glacier retreat threatens water sources and increases disaster vulnerability (). • Forest fires & biodiversity loss: Summer wildfires, invasive forestry practices, and illegal logging are damaging habitats and risking species extinction (). ⸻ 2. Water & Waste Management Crisis • Degrading water systems: Springs and rivers are drying due to climate stress, hydropower overuse, and mismanaged urban drainage—leading to subsidence and compromised groundwater recharge . • Sewage & pollution: Urban centers like Rishikesh/Harrow experience serious Ganges contamination from pharmaceuticals, while waste piles up along roadways and near scenic routes . ⸻ 3. Unsustainable Urban & Tourism Growth • Chaotic urban sprawl: Cities like Dehradun, Haridwar, Haldwani and Nainital lack proper planning – leading to traffic jams, sewage breakdown, waste buildup, and pressure on civic resources . • Tourism boom strain: Uttarakhand welcomes around 60 million tourists annually, but this seasonal flood overwhelms fragile infrastructure, creates pollution, and crowding, and forces locals to retreat from core urban areas (). ⸻ 4. Migration & Socio‑Economic Divide • Ghost villages phenomenon: More than 2,000 hill villages are abandoned as youth migrate to plains or cities seeking employment, education, and better amenities . • Plains vs Hill imbalance: Political and economic focus is increasingly on plains, leaving hill districts underrepresented in governance (delimitation) and deprived of development . • Youth unemployment & migration flow: Lack of rural jobs, educational facilities, and healthcare pushes locals toward urban regions or outside the state ().