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What is Dwarfism

Dwarfism is a condition categorized by short stature or stunted growth. In this condition, an adult individual’s height is 4 feet 10 inches or less. Dwarfism is divided into two main categories: Proportionate and disproportionate. In proportionate dwarfism, overall growth of torso, hands and legs is restricted, but the body is in proportion. In disproportionate dwarfism, particularly hands and legs are smaller than average, but other body parts are of normal size. Let’s see some of the main causes of dwarfism. Firstly, inadequate production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland located in the brain. Secondly, a mutation in the FGFR3 gene which hinders the skeletal development, thus most of the cartilage doesn’t get converted into bones. Lastly, turner’s syndrome, a genetic condition in which a female is partly or completely missing an X chromosome, causing stunted growth.