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PHRYGIANS

Originally from the Anatolia region, in what is now Turkey, the Phrygians emerged during the Bronze Age, around the 12th century BC. Legend has it that the Phrygians' lineage goes back to the legendary King Midas, known for his touch that turned everything into gold. According to ancient tales, the Phrygians migrated from Thrace in search of a new home, eventually settling in Anatolia and establishing their own kingdom, which came to be known as Phrygia. Religion occupied a central place in Phrygian society. They worshiped a pantheon of deities, the most prominent being Cybele, the mother goddess associated with fertility and the natural world. In the 8th century BC, the Phrygian Kingdom experienced a period of expansion under the rule of King Midas. However, its golden era was short-lived. The kingdom faced numerous challenges and invasions from neighboring powers, including the Cimmerians and Lydians. These incursions weakened the Phrygian Kingdom, ultimately leading to its eventual disappearance and absorption into the vast Persian Empire in the 6th century BC. Today, traces of Phrygian civilization can be found scattered across Anatolia. Ancient ruins, such as the extraordinary rock-cut monuments at Gordium, testify to the rich history and artistic achievements of the Phrygians.