* Berwick upon Tweed. Munro's Journeys. скачать в хорошем качестве

* Berwick upon Tweed. Munro's Journeys.

Munro visits Berwick upon Tweed, the northernmost town in England.This ancient town has a rich historical background. Berwick's strategic position on the Anglo - Scottish Border during centuries of war between the two nations and its relatively great wealth led to a succession of raids, sieges and takeovers. William 1 of Scotland invaded and attempted to capture northern England in 1173 - 74. After his defeat, Berwick was ceded to Henry 11 of England. It was later sold back to William by Richard 1 of England in order to raise funds for his Crusade. In 1291-92, Berwick was the site of Edward 1 of England's arbitration in the contest for the Scottish crown between John Balliol and Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale. The decision in favour of Balliol was pronounced in the Great Hall of Berwick Castle on 17 November 1292. In 1296, England went to war with France, with which Scotland was in alliance. Balliol invaded England in response, sacking Cumberland. Edward in turn invaded Scotland and captured Berwick, destroying much of the town and massacring the burgesses, merchants and artisans of the town.