Medical Thoracoscopy or pleuroscopy For Pleural Effusion скачать в хорошем качестве

Medical Thoracoscopy or pleuroscopy For Pleural Effusion

Medical Thoracoscopy—also known as pleuroscopy—is a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure used to directly visualize the pleural space and obtain diagnostic or therapeutic interventions, especially in cases of pleural effusion. 🩺 Why It's Done for Pleural Effusion: Medical thoracoscopy is particularly useful when: The cause of pleural effusion is unclear after thoracentesis and imaging There is suspicion of malignancy, tuberculosis, or empyema Pleurodesis is needed to prevent recurrent effusions 🔍 Diagnostic Benefits: Allows direct visualization of the pleura Enables targeted pleural biopsies, increasing diagnostic yield Particularly effective in diagnosing: Malignant pleural effusion Tuberculous pleuritis Chronic inflammatory or infectious effusions According to a retrospective study, thoracoscopy had high diagnostic accuracy, especially in distinguishing between tuberculosis, malignancy, and inflammatory causes of exudative effusions. 🛠️ Therapeutic Uses: Drainage of loculated or complex effusions Breaking pleural adhesions Talc pleurodesis to prevent recurrence in malignant effusions Management of empyema or complicated parapneumonic effusions A systematic review found that medical thoracoscopy had an 85% success rate in treating complicated pleural infections, with a low complication rate (~9%). 🧪 Procedure Overview: Performed under local anesthesia and conscious sedation A rigid or semi-rigid thoracoscope is inserted through a small incision in the chest wall The pleural cavity is inspected, fluid is drained, and biopsies are taken Often done as a day procedure or with short hospital stay ⚠️ Contraindications: Uncontrolled bleeding disorders Severe cardiopulmonary instability Extensive pleural adhesions (may require VATS instead) ✅ Advantages: Less invasive than surgical thoracoscopy (VATS) High diagnostic yield Can combine diagnosis and treatment in one session #pleuroscopy #Thoracoscopy