Genetics 101 | Science 101 скачать в хорошем качестве

Genetics 101 | Science 101

Introduction: Hello and welcome to Genetics 101. In this video, we will be discussing the fundamentals of genetics, including the basics of inheritance, DNA structure, and genetic variation. Part 1: Inheritance Inheritance is the process by which traits are passed down from parents to their offspring. In humans, this occurs through the transfer of genetic material from the mother and father to their offspring. Each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, with one set inherited from each parent. These chromosomes carry genes, which are the units of heredity responsible for the expression of traits. Part 2: DNA Structure DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development and function of all living organisms. DNA is composed of four types of nucleotides: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. These nucleotides form a double helix structure that is held together by hydrogen bonds. The sequence of nucleotides determines the genetic information encoded in DNA. Part 3: Genetic Variation Genetic variation is the diversity in genetic material that exists within a population. This variation is the result of mutations, genetic recombination, and genetic drift. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can arise spontaneously or as a result of environmental factors. Genetic recombination occurs during meiosis when chromosomes exchange genetic material. Genetic drift is the random change in the frequency of a gene variant in a population. Part 4: Mendelian Genetics Mendelian genetics, named after the pioneering geneticist Gregor Mendel, describes the inheritance of traits through the transmission of genes from one generation to the next. Mendel's laws of inheritance describe the rules governing the inheritance of traits in sexually reproducing organisms. These laws include the law of segregation, which states that the two alleles of a gene separate during gamete formation, and the law of independent assortment, which states that the inheritance of one gene does not influence the inheritance of another gene. Part 5: Modern Genetics Modern genetics has expanded beyond Mendelian genetics to include the study of complex traits, such as those influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. Genomics, the study of the entire genome, has also become an important area of research. Advances in genetic technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, have revolutionized the field of genetics and hold promise for the treatment of genetic diseases. Conclusion: In conclusion, genetics is the study of inheritance, DNA structure, and genetic variation. Understanding genetics is essential for understanding the biology of all living organisms. We hope this video has provided you with a basic understanding of genetics and its importance in the study of life. Thank you for watching Genetics 101. #sciencefacts #genetics #gene #generalknowledge #science #dna #scienceclass #purdueuniversity #homeschool Everyday science about things we thought we knew, or topics we didn't know that we didn't know! Watch our most recent videos:    / @officialscience101   Follow us on Instagram @official_science_101 #science101 #everydayscience #nowyouknow