Top 7 questions about Hypospadias Treatment & Repair Surgery asked by parents скачать в хорошем качестве

Top 7 questions about Hypospadias Treatment & Repair Surgery asked by parents

Here are certain questions and answers about hypospadias treatment and repair surgery. 1. Why is surgery needed for Hypospadias and is it needed for all hypospadias? Surgery is required in hypospadias to correct the chordee, to create a urinary passage and bring the opening to the tip of the penis. Our intent is to have the final cosmetic result where the penis is straight, the opening is at the tip and child passes urine in single straight stream without any pain. Final cosmetic would be like a circumcised penis. In most of the hypospadias cases, surgery helps in functional and cosmetic outcomes and child will grow normally without any psychological impact of having an abnormal penis. In some cases of minor hypospadias, where the meatus is on the glans and there is no chordee, we may decide to not do a surgery. But such cases are rare. 2. Is Anaesthesia safe during hypospadias surgery? Hypospadias surgeries are done under general anaesthesia. Right from dosage of medications to managing airway is very different in children when compared to adults. Hence, at Hypospadias Foundation we have 3 skilled pediatric anesthesia experts who give anesthesia for hypospadias surgery. In addition to general anaesthesia, at our centre we also prefer to give an injection in the lower spine (caudal anaesthesia) which gives good pain relief to children for 12 hours after the surgery. Pain relief is our priority after surgery so that children can be comfortable after surgery. 3. Will there be lot of Pain after hypospadias surgery? With modern anesthesia and good painkiller medications, we have seen children being very comfortable and having an excellent pain relief at our centre post hypospadias surgery. Common surgical pain is easily managed with pain killer medicines. Children can develop pain in the post operative period either due to bladder spasms or erections. Bladder spasms are controlled by a tablet oxybutynin. Penile erections at night or early in the morning can also cause pain. Such pain is generally not severe and can be managed well by the painkillers which we prescribe. However, penis continues to be sensitive for 2-3 weeks after the hypospadias repair surgery. 4. What are the Complications of Hypospadias Surgery? The risk of complications following surgery at our centre is less than 5%. The most common complications which we encounter are fistula formation, diverticulum formation, meatal stenosis, or rarely wound infection. An additional surgery may be required in some of these complications. A minor complication is not the end of the world. In majority of these cases even after a suboptimal result a good outcome can be achieved in expert hands. 5. Does hypospadias cause Infertility? Most of the children or adults will have normal fertility once they have achieved good outcomes with hypospadias surgery. Only in children with undescended testis or a Disorder of sex development there are chances of infertility.That being said, Uncorrected hypospadias or a failed Hypospadias surgery can cause male infertility in hypospadias due to various reasons. It may be due to abnormal location of the meatus, diverticulum, stricture or presence of chordee. The severity of hypospadias and the success of surgical repair will ultimately decide if they will be able to father a child. Hence in men with hypospadias suffering from infertility they need to get in touch with a hypospadias surgeon because getting the hypospadias repaired will increase their chances of having children. 6. What are the Risk of hypospadias in my next child or in future generation? Most of the hypospadias cases are isolated cases with no genetic basis. The risk of hypospadias in future generations is influenced by several factors such as genetic and environmental factors. If the father has hypospadias, then the risk of developing hypospadias in future generations will be 5-6% Similarly, if first child has hypospadias, the risk in second boy is almost 5%. 7. What is the Cost of surgery and insurance coverage/cashless/mediclaim? Hypospadias being a penis birth defect is classified as an external birth defect which can be easily diagnosed as soon as the baby is born. Hence, if parents take an insurance policy after the baby is born, hypospadias surgery treatment is not covered by most of the insurance companies in India atleast while in USA, UK it is covered under insurance benefits. The situation is different for some of the corporate insurance group policy holders. Some big corporates issue very employee friendly mediclaim policies which cover all medical and surgical treatments for the employees and their families. Such mediclaim policies may cover all pre-existing as well as birth defects for their employees and hence hypospadias repair procedure may be covered by the insurance companies in these circumstances.