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Mental Illness: Is There Such a Thing?

Someone is considered mentally "ill" if: 1. His conduct rigidly and consistently deviates from the typical, average behaviour of all other people in his culture and society that fit his profile (whether this conventional behaviour is moral or rational is immaterial), or 2. His judgment and grasp of objective, physical reality is impaired, and 3. His conduct is not a matter of choice but is innate and irresistible, and 4. His behavior causes him or others discomfort, and is 5. Dysfunctional, self-defeating, and self-destructive even by his own yardsticks. Descriptive criteria aside, what is the essence of mental disorders? Are they merely physiological disorders of the brain, or, more precisely of its chemistry?