Hydrocele: Etiology, Types, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Management, Treatment: Surgery скачать в хорошем качестве

Hydrocele: Etiology, Types, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Management, Treatment: Surgery

📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-   / drgbhanuprakash   📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash Hydrocele: Etiology, Types, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Management, Treatment - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A hydrocele is the accumulation of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis (the sac surrounding the testis) or along the spermatic cord. This condition commonly presents as painless swelling of the scrotum and can affect males of all ages, but is most often seen in newborns and older men. Etiology (Causes) - The formation of hydrocele can be congenital or acquired: 1) Congenital Hydrocele: Due to the persistence of the processus vaginalis, which normally closes after birth. Common in newborns and usually resolves on its own by the age of 1 year. 2) Acquired Hydrocele: Occurs due to an imbalance between fluid secretion and absorption within the scrotal sac. Causes include: Infections (such as epididymitis or orchitis) Trauma to the scrotal region Tumors of the testicles or epididymis Post-surgical complications (e.g., after hernia surgery) Heart failure or liver cirrhosis (due to fluid retention in the body) Types of Hydrocele : Hydroceles can be classified into two main types: 1) Communicating Hydrocele: Occurs when the processus vaginalis fails to close, allowing abdominal fluid to enter the scrotum. Commonly seen in infants. 2) Non-Communicating Hydrocele: Fluid builds up in the tunica vaginalis but is not connected to the abdominal cavity. This type can be caused by infections, trauma, or other scrotal pathologies and is often seen in adults. Clinical Features The main clinical manifestations of hydrocele include: Painless swelling in the scrotum, usually on one side (but can be bilateral). The scrotal swelling may increase in size throughout the day and decrease when lying down (especially in a communicating hydrocele). Transillumination test positive: When a light is shined behind the scrotum, the fluid appears bright (this helps distinguish hydrocele from a solid mass like a tumor). In congenital hydroceles, the swelling may increase when the infant is crying. Diagnosis - The diagnosis of hydrocele can be made through: Clinical Examination: 1) Transillumination Test: Light passing through the scrotum confirms fluid presence. Palpation to assess the consistency and tenderness of the scrotum. 2) Ultrasound: Scrotal ultrasound is the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis. It can differentiate between a hydrocele and other scrotal masses, such as a tumor or hernia. 3) The ultrasound also helps detect the underlying cause, if any (e.g., testicular tumor). Management & Treatment - Hydrocele management depends on the type, severity, and age of the patient: 1) In Infants: Observation: Most congenital hydroceles resolve spontaneously by the age of 1-2 years. Surgical intervention (Hydrocelectomy) is considered if the hydrocele persists beyond 2 years or if it becomes very large. 2) In Adults: Observation: In asymptomatic or mild cases, observation may be recommended, especially if the patient is not experiencing discomfort. Surgical Management: 1) Hydrocelectomy: The definitive treatment for symptomatic or large hydroceles. This involves making an incision in the scrotum to drain the fluid and remove the sac lining. 2) Aspiration and Sclerotherapy: An alternative to surgery where the fluid is aspirated with a needle, followed by the injection of a sclerosing agent to prevent reaccumulation. This method is less invasive but has a higher recurrence rate. Postoperative Care: Use of scrotal support or suspensory dressings to reduce swelling. Pain management with analgesics. Avoiding heavy physical activities and lifting for a few weeks post-surgery. Complications - While hydroceles are generally benign and treatable, potential complications include: 1) Infection within the hydrocele sac. 2) Rupture of the hydrocele (rare). 3) Chronic discomfort or pain if the hydrocele becomes large. 4) Recurrence of hydrocele after aspiration or surgery. 5) Testicular atrophy (rare) if the hydrocele is compressing the testicle for a prolonged period. #Hydrocele #ScrotalSwelling #MenHealthMatters #PediatricHydrocele #SurgicalManagement #UrologyCare #TransilluminationTest #MaleHealth #HydroceleAwareness #medicalanimations #fmge #fmgevideos #rapidrevisionfmge #fmge2024 #mbbslectures #nationalexitexam #nationalexittest #neetpg #usmlepreparation #usmlestep1 #fmge #usmle #drgbhanuprakash #medicalstudents #medicalstudent #medicalcollege #neetpg2025 #usmleprep #usmlevideos #usmlestep1videos #medicalstudents #neetpgvideos #usmlestep2videos