Kallwaya - The secret language of Lake Titicaca - An overview of its formation and typological profi скачать в хорошем качестве

Kallwaya - The secret language of Lake Titicaca - An overview of its formation and typological profi

Der erste Vortrag unserer ISAR Frühling 2022 Abstract: Kallawaya – The secret language of Lake Titicaca – An overview of its formation and typological profile Kallawaya is a secret, mixed language of Lake Titicaca (Bolivia), spoken by male herbalists. Its grammar comes from a Southern Quechua variety, while its lexicon is allegedly based on extinct Pukina. While most mixed and secret languages are considered to be the result of language shift, I argue that Kallawaya did not emerge from a language shiftsituation, in which former Pukina speakers shifted to Quechua, maintaining parts of the lexicon of their former community language. Rather, I propose that Kallawaya was deliberately created by Quechua native speakers and is first and foremost a secret language. Arguments for this are provided by the typological profile of the language, which is characterised by linguistic manipulations in all subsystems of the language. Linguistic manipulations are deliberate modifications of phonological, lexical and/or grammatical material to render a language unintelligible to outsiders. The majority of the Kallawaya lexicon is mostly etymologically opaque and more heterogenous than previously assumed, including words from languages usually unknown within the Andes. These constitute etymological manipulations. Moreover, because Quechua, Aymara and Spanish words are widely understood throughout the Andes, such words are subject to phonological manipulationsin the Kallawaya lexicon, such as substitution and/or deletion of sounds and syllables. Lastly, Kallawaya also includes grammatical manipulations, whose main purpose is to disguise the shape of the word they are attached to, making it incomprehensible to the non-initiated. Thus, the entire typological profile of Kallawaya is that of a language which has been shaped to maintain secrecy. This is irreconcilable with an origin from language shift but is more appropriately explained in terms of deliberate creation. Vorgetragen von: Prof. Dr. Katja Hannß