【于謙】明朝第一大功臣，最能打的文官，一場北京保衛戰，為大明續命上百年，如此功臣卻被皇帝冤殺，可悲可嘆！【名将榜】 скачать в хорошем качестве

【于謙】明朝第一大功臣，最能打的文官，一場北京保衛戰，為大明續命上百年，如此功臣卻被皇帝冤殺，可悲可嘆！【名将榜】

00:00 序言 00:26 早年經歷 03:24 重任在肩 05:50 含冤而死 于謙（1398年5月13日－1457年2月16日），字廷益，號節庵，官至少保，世稱於少保，漢族，浙江杭州府錢塘縣（今浙江省杭州市上城區）人。明代大臣、民族英雄。 永樂十九年（1421年），于謙登進士第。宣德元年（1426年），以御史職隨明宣宗平定漢王朱高煦之亂，因嚴詞斥責朱高煦而受宣宗賞識。後巡撫河南、山西。宣德五年（1430年）又以兵部右侍郎巡撫河南、山西等地。明英宗時因入京覲見時不向權臣王振送禮，遭誣陷下獄，因兩省百姓、官吏乃至藩王力請而復任。土木之變後，英宗兵敗被俘，他力排南遷之議，堅請固守，升任兵部尚書。明代宗即位，整飭兵備，部署要害，親自督戰，率師二十二萬，列陣北京九門外，抵禦瓦剌大軍。瓦剌太師也先挾英宗逼和，他以“社稷為重，君為輕”，不許。也先無隙可乘，被迫釋放英宗。和議後，于謙仍積極備戰，挑選京軍精銳分十團營操練，又遣兵出關屯守，邊境得以安寧。當時朝務繁雜，于謙獨運徵調，合乎機宜。其號令明審，令行政達。他憂國忘身，口不言功，平素儉約，居所僅能遮蔽風雨。但因個性剛直，招致眾人忌恨。 天順元年（1457年），英宗復辟，大將石亨等誣陷于謙謀立襄王之子，致使其含冤遇害。明憲宗時，于謙被复官賜祭，弘治二年（1489年），追諡“肅愍”。明神宗時，改諡“忠肅”。有《於忠肅集》傳世。 《明史》稱讚其“忠心義烈，與日月爭光”。他與岳飛、張煌言並稱“西湖三傑” Yu Qian (May 13, 1398-February 16, 1457), with the word Tingyi, No. Jie'an, Guan Dabao, world called Yu Shaobao, Han nationality, Qiantang County, Hangzhou Prefecture, Zhejiang Province (now Shangcheng District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province) )people. Minister and national hero of the Ming Dynasty. In the nineteenth year of Yongle (1421), Yu Qian was awarded the rank of Jinshi. In the first year of Xuande (1426), he quelled the rebellion of the Han king Zhu Gaoxu with Emperor Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty with the post of censorship, and was appreciated by Xuanzong for reprimanding Zhu Gaoxu for his harsh words. He later governed Henan and Shanxi. In the 5th year of Xuande (1430), he patrolled Henan, Shanxi and other places with the right servant of the Ministry of War. During the Ming Dynasty, Yingzong did not give gifts to the powerful official Wang Zhen when he entered Beijing to meet him. He was falsely accused and sent to prison. He was reinstated due to the invitation of the people of the two provinces, officials and even the princes. After the civil changes, Yingzong was defeated and taken prisoner. He opposed the proposal of moving south, insisted on holding fast, and was promoted to Shangshu of the Ministry of War. In the Ming Dynasty, Zong took the throne, rectified his military preparations, deployed key points, personally supervised the battle, led a division of 220,000, and lined up outside the nine gates of Beijing to resist the army of Wala. Taishi Wara also used the Yingzong to force peace first. He regarded "the society as the most important thing, and the ruler as the lighter", and he did not allow it. First, there was no gap, and he was forced to release Yingzong. After the peace talks, Yu Qian was still actively preparing for the war, selecting the elites of the Beijing army to divide the tenth regiment for training, and then sent troops out of the border to guard the border. At that time, the affairs of the dynasty were complicated, and it was appropriate for Yu Qian to move and dispatch independently. He ordered a clear review and ordered the administrative approval. He worries about the country and forgets himself, speaks nothing of merit, and is usually frugal, and his residence can only shelter from wind and rain. But because of his upright personality, it caused everyone to hate him. In the first year of Tianshun (1457), the Yingzong was restored, and the general Shi Heng and others framed the son of King Qianmou Lixiang, causing him to be unjustly murdered. During the Emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Qian was given a sacrifice by the reinstatement. In the second year of Hongzhi (1489), he pursued the posthumous title of "Sushu". In the Ming Dynasty, the posthumous name was changed to "Zhong Su". There is "The Collection of Yu Zhongsu" handed down to the world. "History of Ming Dynasty" praised him for his "loyalty, righteousness and fierce, winning glory with the sun and the moon." Together with Yue Fei and Zhang Huangyan, he is called the "Three Masters of the West Lake" #于谦#明朝那些事儿#土木堡之变