Praseodymium - A Metal that SLOWS The SPEED OF LIGHT! скачать в хорошем качестве

Praseodymium - A Metal that SLOWS The SPEED OF LIGHT!

Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Thoisoi?ty=h Facebook:   / thoisoi2   Instagram:   / thoisoi   Thanks for the channel support: Gabor Buza, Yash Pande, Vadim Polyash, larry Han, Applied science. ATTENTION! This video shows dangerous experiments! Do not repeatthe experiments shown in this VIDEO! So, today I will continue to talk to you about the rare earth metals – lanthanides, and this time we will focus on the metal called praseodymium. It is a metal that has electrons in f orbitals, and is located in the period of lanthanides. Because of its chemical activity, praseodymium is stored in ampoules in order to prevent oxidation in air, after removing it from the ampoule praseodymium looks like a shiny metal with a yellow-green tint due to a layer of oxide covering the metal. Praseodymium can be found in nature in the monazite and bastnasite minerals which are used for producing almost all of the rare earth metals. Price-wise praseodymium is almost the same as neodymium, I paid $15 for 10 grams in a vial. From the chemical point of view, praseodymium can resemble neodymium as it is also readily soluble in hydrochloric acid, forming praseodymium chloride - a green substance, like many of its compounds. Even the name praseodymium derived from the Greek prasinos, which means green. If we add sodium hydroxide to the praseodymium chloride, it will form a greenish precipitate of praseodymium hydroxide. This hydroxide, like many compounds of lanthanides, forms a soluble complex with Trilon b – a compound that is used to remove scale from kettles. Praseodymium dissolves in acetic acid, and like other lanthanides forms a suspension of the hydroxides due to the hydrolysis with water. When heating with a burner, pieces of praseodymium are oxidized in air and being covered with an oxide layer, but they will not light up. Though the powder of praseodymium lits quite well, forming fumes from its oxides. The oxide of praseodymium is used in the production of a very unusual glass which is able to slow down the speed of a light pulse by changing its group velocity due to the high refractive index of the glass. Also, the glass made with the addition of praseodymium has a greenish yellow color, it is used as a light filter in the glasses for glassblowers. Praseodymium, like neodymium, is weakly attracted to magnets and is paramagnetic. However, as with neodymium the composition of praseodymium-iron-boron can be used for the production of powerful praseodymium magnets. However these magnets have a big drawback – a low operating temperature, meaning that such magnets may lose their magnetic properties already at a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius, for example in the hands of a person. Neodymium magnets unlike praseodymium are demagnetized at 55 degrees Celsius, this effect is called the Curie point. Also the alloy of praseodymium and Nickel is used for creating ultra-low temperatures utilizing the cooling effect of the paramagnetic field. music by TOBU:    / tobuofficial