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Montgomery bus boycott

Jo Ann Robinson & The Montgomery Bus Boycott For 382 days, almost the entire African-American population of Montgomery, Alabama, led by Jo Ann Robinson, refused to ride on segregated buses, a turning point in the American civil rights movement. Jo Ann Gibson Robinson was born on April 17, 1912, in Culloden, Georgia. Jo Ann was valedictorian of her high school graduating class and became the first college graduate of her family when she earned a bachelor's degree in 1934. Following her graduation, Robinson became a public school teacher in Macon, Georgia. In 1949, Robinson moved to Montgomery to teach. She experienced the prejudices underlying racial segregation firsthand when she was screamed at for sitting in the empty white section of a city bus; the driver pulled over to yell at her and Robinson fled the bus, fearing that he would hit her. Disgusted by the incident, she began to mobilise against the segregated city bus system. When Robinson became president of the WPC in 1950, she focused the organization's efforts on desegregating buses. The city's leadership was not interested in integrating buses, however, so Robinson conceptualised a boycott. Following the arrest of Rosa Parks on December 1, 1955, Robinson distributed a flyer that she'd written urging for Montgomery's African Americans to boycott city buses on December 5 of that year. With the help of John Cannon, chairman of Alabama State's business department at the time, and two students, Robinson distributed more than 50,000 flyers overnight calling for the boycott. When the boycott proved successful, the Montgomery Improvement Association, led by Martin Luther King Jr., came to manage its continuation. For her role as a leader of the boycott, Robinson was arrested and targeted with violence; police officers threw a rock into her window and poured acid on her car. The harassment became so bad that state police were requested to guard her home. The boycott continued until June 5, 1956, when a federal district court declared segregating seating unconstitutional. Robinson died in Los Angeles on August 29, 1992. Video Equipment Used During Walking Videos: DJI Osmo Pocket 3 Gimbal Camera (Compact camera with a gimbal) https://amzn.to/3Nh284E Apple MacBook Air laptop https://amzn.to/3Y0tqRJ Lowepro ProTactic 450 AW II Black Pro Modular Backpack https://amzn.to/3ZVaQNd Falcam F38 Aluminum Alloy Multi-Hole Quick Release Kit https://amzn.to/3ZUJI16 59Inch/146cm Selfie Stick Tripod for Gopro https://amzn.to/4eyAX11 Apple AirPods Pro 2 Wireless Earbuds https://amzn.to/3XYNROH Podcasting Equipment: Shure SM7B Vocal Dynamic Microphone https://amzn.to/3BK1YzX Audient EVO 4 USB Audio Interface sound card for music production https://amzn.to/4gZ4LFY beyerdynamic DT 990 PRO Over-Ear Studio Monitor Headphones https://amzn.to/3BwPb3Q Audio Books: Audible Free Trial httpblackhistor06n.co.uk/Audible-Free-Trial-Digital-Membership/dp/B00OPA2XFG?tag=blackhistor06 The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As Told to Alex Haley https://amzn.to/4gXr7Hz The New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander https://amzn.to/3XR7l82 Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom by David W. Blight https://amzn.to/3TVCINK Currently Reading: Freeman's Challenge: The Murder That Shook America's Original Prison for Profit https://amzn.to/3YgoxFe BLK ART: The Audacious Legacy of Black Artists and Models in Western Art https://amzn.to/4dD0LYJ The Oxford Companion to Black British History https://amzn.to/4eyUs9S Recommended Reading: The Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B. Du Bois https://amzn.to/4exCLYl Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey https://amzn.to/3BuTwEI Stamped from the Beginning https://amzn.to/47XhvZj