Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (Hindi/हिंदी में) скачать в хорошем качестве

Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (Hindi/हिंदी में)

The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam is a collection of short, four-line poems called “rubaiyat.” These poems were written in Persian by Omar Khayyam, a great thinker, mathematician, astronomer, and poet who lived in Iran (then called Persia) from 1048 to 1131 CE. The word “rubaiyat” means “quatrains,” which are poems with four lines each. Who Was Omar Khayyam? Omar Khayyam was born in the city of Nishapur in Persia. He was famous in his own time as a scientist and mathematician. He wrote books on algebra, made calendars more accurate, and studied the stars. Even though he was a scientist, he became world-famous after his death because of his poetry. History of the Book The Rubaiyat was not published as a book in Omar’s lifetime. He wrote many four-line poems during his life, but after he died, people collected these poems and copied them into books. Sometimes, it was hard to tell which poems were really by him, and which ones were by others. Over time, the poems were passed down and became very popular in Iran. In the 1800s, a British writer named Edward FitzGerald translated the Rubaiyat into English. His translation became very famous in the English-speaking world. He made the poems sound beautiful in English, but sometimes changed the meaning or put together lines from different poems. Because of this, the Rubaiyat in English is a little different from the original Persian poems, but the spirit of the poetry was kept. Why Is the Rubaiyat Important? The Rubaiyat is famous because it asks big questions about life, death, fate, and happiness. It is different from many other religious or spiritual books because it is sometimes doubtful, funny, and even daring. Omar Khayyam talks about wine, love, and enjoying life in the present moment. At the same time, he wonders about God, destiny, and the meaning of life. These poems have inspired many readers around the world. Some people read them as wise advice to enjoy life while you can. Others see the poems as a challenge to strict religion, or as deep reflections on the mystery of life and the passing of time. Key Themes 1. Living in the Moment: Many rubaiyat say that life is short, and no one knows what happens after death. So, enjoy the present, have fun, share good times with friends, and do not waste life worrying too much about the future. 2. Doubt and Faith: Omar Khayyam often questions religious dogmas. He asks if we can really know God’s will, or if anyone has seen heaven or hell for sure. He is honest about doubt, but he also respects the mystery of the universe. 3. Wine as a Symbol: The poems talk about drinking wine and having parties. Some people think this is just about having fun. Others think the wine is a symbol for spiritual happiness, or for breaking free from strict rules. 4. Fate and Destiny: Khayyam writes about fate—how things happen that we cannot control. He wonders if life is already written, or if we have choices. He sometimes sounds sad about this, but also says we should not let fate make us sad or afraid. 5. The Beauty of Nature: Many of the rubaiyat praise the beauty of gardens, flowers, spring, and stars. Omar Khayyam loves the natural world and sees it as a place of wonder and joy. The Rubaiyat Around the World Edward FitzGerald’s English translation made the Rubaiyat famous outside of Iran. It was loved by artists, musicians, and writers in Europe and America. The book was read by both ordinary people and famous thinkers. There are now many translations in different languages, and artists have made beautiful illustrated editions. Historical Impact In Iran: The Rubaiyat is part of Persian culture, but not always accepted by religious leaders because of its bold ideas. In the West: The Rubaiyat became a symbol of “Eastern wisdom” and was quoted in books, songs, and movies. In philosophy: The poems are important for showing how a person can wonder about life’s big questions without giving simple answers. Style of the Poetry Each poem (rubai) has four lines. The rhyme scheme is usually AABA (the first, second, and fourth lines rhyme). The style is simple, but the meaning is deep—sometimes playful, sometimes sad, sometimes wise. Conclusion The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam is a book of short poems that invite readers to enjoy life, think deeply, and ask questions. The poems mix joy and sadness, faith and doubt, beauty and loss. They have traveled across centuries and cultures, showing that the questions of life and meaning are the same for people everywhere.