G2-Phase of Cell Cycle Full Video | Easy Explaination for Science and Medical Students скачать в хорошем качестве

G2-Phase of Cell Cycle Full Video | Easy Explaination for Science and Medical Students

The G₂ (Gap 2) phase is the third stage of interphase, occurring after S phase and before mitosis (M phase). During this phase, the cell prepares itself for accurate and safe cell division. After DNA replication is completed in the S phase, the cell enters G₂ phase to check, repair, and prepare for mitosis. What Happens in G₂ Phase? Cell Growth Continues The cell increases in size. Cytoplasm volume increases further. Protein Synthesis Synthesis of mitotic proteins occurs. Important proteins made: Tubulin (for spindle fiber formation) Actin Motor proteins Enzymes required for mitosis are produced. Organelle Duplication Organelles like mitochondria continue to multiply. Energy demand increases for upcoming mitosis. DNA Damage Repair Any DNA damage left after S phase is repaired. Repair mechanisms ensure genome stability. Preparation for Mitosis Centrosomes complete maturation. Cell becomes fully ready to enter M phase. G₂ Checkpoint (Most Important Feature) The G₂ checkpoint ensures: DNA replication is 100% complete DNA is free from damage Cell size is adequate If problems are detected: Cell cycle is paused #molecularbiology #genetics DNA repair mechanisms are activated If damage is severe → cell cycle arrest or apoptosis Key regulators: Cyclin B CDK1 (Cdc2) p53 (indirectly involved in damage response) Importance of G₂ Phase Prevents transmission of damaged DNA to daughter cells Ensures accurate chromosome segregation Maintains genetic stability One-Line Summary (for exams / shorts) G₂ phase is the preparatory phase of the cell cycle where the cell synthesizes mitotic proteins, repairs DNA, and ensures readiness for mitosis. #biologyclass #easybiology #animalcell #cellstructure #biology