Sumatran elephant, an endangered animal скачать в хорошем качестве

Sumatran elephant, an endangered animal

In the middle of the dense Sumatran forest lives a creature that maintains the harmony of the ecosystem with its existence. Sumatran elephants, endangered forest guardians, face a relentless struggle for their survival. Sumatran elephants are a subspecies of the Asian Elephant so they are named Elephas maximus with the subspecies sumatranus where in the wild, Sumatran elephants only live on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Sumatran elephants live in lowland forests below 300 meters above sea level. But also often found penetrating into higher altitudes. The types of forests it prefers are swamp areas and peat forests. Its population is spread across 7 provinces including Nangroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, Bengkulu, South Sumatra and Lampung. Sumatran elephants are smaller in stature than the Indian elephant subspecies. They have a shoulder height of about 2 to 3.2 meters and weigh between 2 to 4 tons. Indian elephants, on the other hand, have a shoulder height of about 2.5 to 3 meters and weigh up to 5.5 tons. They also tend to have a darker skin color than other elephants. They have dark gray to black skin. This difference in skin color could be an adaptation to living in a humid and dark rainforest environment. Elephants play an important role in maintaining the ecology of their habitat through their feeding behavior. Elephants in the wild can ensure the availability of food for other elephants and even other animals. Elephants are the guardians of the ecosystem because they indirectly help spread the seeds of plants and trees in the forest. Sumatran elephants eat grasses, leaves, twigs, tubers and sometimes fruits. The efficiency of the elephant's digestive system is very poor. This animal can throw its feces once every hour. It is not surprising that in a day the Sumatran elephant requires up to 230 kg of food or equivalent to 5 to 10% of its body weight. As for drinking, it takes 160 liters of water every day. In the dry season, Sumatran elephants can dig up water in the dried up riverbed to a depth of one meter. Elephants are animals that live in groups in their natural habitat. In a group, elephants are led by the largest female elephant. Usually, older elephants live solitary lives, as they are no longer able to follow the movements of the group. Sumatran elephant breeding begins with the mating process of male elephants looking for female partners who are ready to mate. The mating process usually involves ritual fights between males to fight over females. Sumatran elephant females have a relatively long gestation period, which is about 22 months. This is one of the longest gestation periods among land mammals. The female elephant gives birth to a single calf, which usually weighs around 100 to 120 kg. Baby elephants are born with the ability to walk and forage for food, but they remain dependent on their mothers for protection and nutrition. Elephant mothers will care for and nurse their babies for several years. The Sumatran elephant is one of the most endangered animals. It is currently in a very worrying condition and is classified as an IUCN red list. Sumatran elephants have very important benefits for the environment around them. They act as ecosystem guardians in the forest that spread the seeds of growing plants or trees in the forest, while in the economic function of elephants can act as a tourist attraction. The population of Sumatran elephants is decreasing due to poaching because their ivory is very valuable in the economic world. The Indonesian government has made several efforts to preserve the life of Sumatran elephants, such as providing legal protection, forming a national safe as a protection area for Sumatran elephants. One example is Way Kambas National Park in Lampung Province, which is dedicated to the conservation of Sumatran elephants, and the Indonesian government is also working with international organizations, such as IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), to gain support and resources for Sumatran elephant conservation efforts.