DRIVING IN PELOPONNESE GREECE TO Chlemoutsi/ Χλεμούτσι- Kastro/Κάστρο Kastro-Kyllini municipality. скачать в хорошем качестве

DRIVING IN PELOPONNESE GREECE TO Chlemoutsi/ Χλεμούτσι- Kastro/Κάστρο Kastro-Kyllini municipality.

An outstanding film of the castle and the indoors is highly recommended Μια εξαιρετική ταινία του κάστρου και των εσωτερικών χώρων συνιστάται ιδιαίτερα צילום מדהים של הטירה מבפנים ומאוויר של קוסטס השלמה מושלמת לסרט שלי    • ΚΑΣΤΡΟ ΧΛΕΜΟΥΤΣΙ ΣΤΗΝ ΚΥΛΛΗΝΗ ΗΛΕΙΑΣ (DRON...   .DRIVING IN GREECE TO Chlemoutsi/ Χλεμούτσι IN Kastro-Kyllini municipality. (Greek: Χλεμούτσι or Χλουμούτσι) is a medieval castle in the northwest of the Elis regional unit in the Peloponnese peninsula of southern Greece, in the Kastro-Kyllini municipality. It was built in the early 1220s by the Crusader rulers of the Principality of Achaea as their main stronghold, and is perhaps the finest fortification of the early period of Frankish rule in Greece preserved in the country today. The castle is located on a small plateau 226 metres (741 ft) above sea level, and comprises a central hexagonal keep, built around an inner courtyard and containing two-storeyed halls along its entire length, and complemented by an outer wall enclosing an outer yard on its western side. The castle is largely preserved in its original 13th-century state, with only minor later modifications for the installation of artillery. Located near the Principality's capital of Andravida and the chief port of Glarentza, Chlemoutsi played a central role in the Principality's history, but was never actually besieged. After coming under Byzantine rule in 1427, it was captured in 1460 by the Ottoman Empire, along with the rest of the Byzantine Despotate of the Morea. In Ottoman times, minor additions were made to provide platforms for artillery, but the castle progressively lost its significance and was completely deserted by the late 18th century. In 1825, during the Greek War of Independence, part of its outer wall was demolished to prevent the Greek rebels from using it. Today it is a preserved monument open to the public. History The castle was built between 1220 and 1223, during the rule of the Prince of Achaea Geoffrey I of Villehardouin, as a result of a dispute between the Prince and the clergy of the Principality. Geoffrey had asked the clergy, which owned almost a third of the Principality's lands but was not obliged to render military service, for additional donations to help defend the realm. When the clergy refused, claiming that they owed allegiance only to the Pope, Geoffrey confiscated Church property, and began construction of Chlemoutsi with the new funds. The fortress was set on a new foundation, with no previous structure identifiable on this site. Its French name, Clairmont or Clermont, most probably gave rise to the Greek form of Chlo[u]moutsi, which more recently became Chlemoutsi, although various theories have been proposed as to the name's origin, with suggestions of Greek, Albanian or Slavic roots pre-dating the Frankish fortress. From the 15th century, Italian sources came to call it Castel Tornese, apparently through a confusion with the seat of the Principality's mint in nearby Glarentza, which until the middle of the 14th century minted silver tornese coins The new fortress was near the princely capital of Andravida, some 13 kilometres (8 mi) away, and ca. 5 kilometres (3 mi) from the Principality's largest port and town, Glarentza. These three sites were the administrative heart of the Principality and, along with the fortress of Beauvoir or Pontiko at Katakolo further south, served to secure control of the fertile plain of Elis, which formed a major part of the princely domain (along with Corinthia and the Evrotas valley in Laconia). Despite its importance, however, throughout the history of the Principality of Achaea Chlemoutsi was never the object of major military operations; rather, its main function seems to have been as a prison for distinguished captives, such as the Byzantine generals taken captive at the Battle of Makryplagi in c. 1263, one of whom, Alexios Philes, died in captivity there. Map of the Peloponnese with its principal locations during the late Middle Ages. Chlemoutsi is located on the westernmost promontory of the peninsula. Χλεμούτσι Το Χλεμούτσι ή Χλουμούτσι ή Κλερμόν ή Καστέλ Τορνέζε ήταν τo σημαντικότερο κάστρο του Πριγκιπάτου της Αχαΐας. Βρίσκεται πλησίον της κώμης Κάστρο (Ηλείας). Κατασκευάστηκε μεταξύ του 1220 και του 1223 κατά την εποχή της Φραγκοκρατίας από το Γοδεφρείδο Β' Βιλλεαρδουίνο στην Ηλεία και προστάτευε και την Ανδραβίδα, αλλά και το επίνειο της, τη Γλαρέντζα (Κυλλήνη). Το αρχικό όνομα του κάστρου ήταν Clermont, όπως το ονόμαζαν οι Γάλλοι ιδιοκτήτες του. Οι Έλληνες το ονόμασαν Χλουμούτσι όπως φαίνεται στο Χρονικό του Μορέως ή Χλεμούτσι, η ονομασία που έφτασε σε εμάς σήμερα[1]. Κατά την εποχή της βενετσιάνικης κυριαρχίας ονομάστηκε Castel Tornese, επειδή οι Βενετσιάνοι θεωρούσαν ότι εκεί γινόταν η κοπή των νομισμάτων του πριγκιπάτου της Αχαΐας, των τορνεζίων.