Why Space and Time Are Not Fundamental | Leonard Susskind Explained скачать в хорошем качестве

Why Space and Time Are Not Fundamental | Leonard Susskind Explained

Why are space and time not fundamental? For centuries, physics has treated space and time as the basic stage on which reality unfolds. From Newton’s absolute space and time to Einstein’s curved spacetime, the universe has been described as events occurring within a preexisting geometric structure. But modern theoretical physics tells a very different story. Inspired by the work of Leonard Susskind, this lecture-style video explores the idea that space and time are emergent phenomena, not fundamental ingredients of reality. Drawing on insights from quantum mechanics, black hole physics, quantum gravity, and the holographic principle, we examine how geometry itself may arise from deeper quantum degrees of freedom and patterns of entanglement. In quantum mechanics, the fundamental description of nature does not require space or time. States evolve in an abstract Hilbert space, governed by mathematical rules that make no reference to distance or location. Only in certain limits do we recover the familiar notions of spacetime. This raises a profound question: if space and time are not fundamental, what is? Black holes provide crucial clues. The discovery that black hole entropy scales with surface area rather than volume suggests that the information content of a region of space is encoded on its boundary. This insight leads to the holographic universe, where the physics of a volume can be fully described by degrees of freedom on a lower-dimensional surface. In this framework, spacetime geometry emerges as an effective description, not a fundamental structure. This video also explores the role of quantum entanglement in the emergence of space. Patterns of entanglement can encode distance, connectivity, and curvature, allowing a geometric universe to arise from non-geometric quantum information. From this perspective, space is a derived concept, built from correlations rather than points. Time, too, is reexamined. In approaches to quantum gravity such as the Wheeler–DeWitt equation, time does not appear as a fundamental parameter. Instead, the flow of time emerges from correlations between quantum subsystems and the process of decoherence. What we experience as time may be a macroscopic approximation rather than a basic feature of reality. This lecture is designed to be slow, reflective, and immersive. It does not aim to simplify these ideas beyond recognition, nor to present physics as spectacle. Instead, it treats physics as a way of thinking — an invitation to question deeply held assumptions about reality, space, time, and the universe itself. If you are interested in quantum gravity, black holes, spacetime, the holographic principle, and the nature of reality, this video offers a careful and thoughtful exploration of why modern physics suggests that space and time are not fundamental. Disclaimer This is an independent and unofficial presentation inspired by publicly available ideas in modern theoretical physics. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by Leonard Susskind or any related institution