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Modelling Quantum Thermalization with Quantum Computers

[20250711 Alvaro Alhambra] In quantum computing and simulation, one of our main goals is to efficiently mimic natural physical phenomena in a controlled manner. The process of thermalization is one such crucial task, for which recently there has been relevant progress. In this talk, we will showcase important parts of this progress by introducing a recent dissipative evolution that models thermalization in the many-body setting, and that is efficiently implementable in a quantum computer. We then prove the following facts about it: 1) It faithfully reproduces the dissipation induced by weak coupling to a bath. 2) In the high temperature regime, it very quickly approaches equilibrium. 3) In the low temperature regime, it yields a computational model with the same power as arbitrary quantum computations (BQP-complete). Taken together, our results show that this family of quasi-local dissipative evolutions has the potential to mirror the success of classical Monte Carlo methods. References: https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.12691, https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20064, https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04885