How to fix a dog скачать в хорошем качестве

How to fix a dog

Canine medicine, a branch of veterinary science, focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, injuries, and disorders in domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), it addresses the unique physiological and breed-specific needs of dogs, which are among the most common companion animals worldwide. Advances in canine veterinary care have extended average lifespans, with small breeds often living 12–15 years and larger breeds 8–12 years, influenced by factors like diet, exercise, and preventive measures. Dogs are omnivores with adaptable physiological needs, such as the ability to derive energy from both animal and plant sources, though they require high-quality proteins for muscle maintenance, immune function, and overall health. Canine anatomy includes a robust digestive system efficient at processing omnivorous diets, exceptional olfactory senses (e.g., with 100–300 million scent receptors for detecting odors at concentrations far below human capabilities), and social pack behaviors. Dogs exhibit immense breed diversity, from toy to giant sizes, influencing susceptibility to conditions; for instance, large breeds are prone to orthopedic issues due to rapid growth. Preventive healthcare is crucial for dogs. Regular wellness exams—annual for adults, more frequent for puppies and seniors—include diagnostic screenings like bloodwork to catch issues early. Chronic and systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease, and osteoarthritis are common in seniors. Heart disease affects certain breeds; allergies lead to atopic dermatitis. Some medical issues are breed-specific, such as hip and elbow dysplasia in German Shepherds and Labrador Retrievers; respiratory problems (brachycephalic airway syndrome) in Bulldogs and Pugs; eye issues like progressive retinal atrophy in many breeds; autoimmune disorders in Siberian Huskies; and patellar luxation in small breeds such as Shiba Inus.